Multi-image plate detector

FIGURE 7.4 A multi-image plate X-ray detector. The system contains two image plates on arotating carrousel so that one can be recording data while the second is read and translated into intensities. (Courtesy of Rigaku America Corp.)... 

Complete MCP s can be stacked to provide even higher gains. For response in the vacuum ultra-violet spectral region (50-200 nm) a SSANACON, self-scanned anode array with microchannel plate electron multiplier, has been used (36). This involves photoelectron multiplication through two MOP S, collection of the electrons directly on aluminum anodes and readout with standard diode array circuitry. In cases where analyte concentrations are well above conventional detection limits, multi-element analysis with multi-channel detectors by atomic emission has been demonstrated to be quite feasible (37). Spectral source profiling has also been done with photodiode arrays (27.29.31). In molecular spectrometry, imaging type detectors have been used in spectrophotometry, spectrofluometry and chemiluminescence (23.24.26.33). These detectors are often employed to monitor the output from an HPLC or GC (13.38.39.40). 

There are a wide array of detectors available for X-ray imaging. We have limited this discussion to two-dimensional X-ray detectors film, image plates, multi-wire proportional counters, and optoelectronic detectors. Other two-dimensional systems, such as directly bombarded, solid state X-ray detectors are also available, but are still in the early stages of development. 

In earlier days of Raman spectroscopy the photographic plate was the only detector used to record the Raman spectra. The introduction of sensitive photomultipliers and, in particular, the development of image intensifiers and optical multichannel analyzers with cooled photocathodes (Vol. 1, Sect. 4.5) have greatly enhanced the detection sensitivity. Image intensifiers and instrumentation such as optical multi-... 

We constructed a liquid nitrogen cooled infrared camera (PICNIC), whidi uses a NICM0S3 256 X 256 format array detector and a new optical syst which consists of reflective optics (Fig. 1). Two additional componoits, a rotating half wave plate polarimeter and a prism, can be attadied in front of the camera, enabling us to obtain imaging polarimetry and multi-object spectroscopy. 

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