Multi-endpoint analysis

Adler, I.-D. Pacchierotti, F., eds (1998) Multi-endpoint analysis of genetic damage induced by... 

Multi-Endpoint Analysis. Until recently, in vitro evaluations were typically done using primary cell cultures and a limited number of doses to monitor changes in one or two endpoints. The new paradigm is to evaluate toxicity much earlier in the discovery process. To be useful to discovery teams, these evaluations must be done with a small amount of compound, require no more than 1 or 2 weeks to turn data around, provide information on a new compound s toxicity relative to other chemicals in class, enable the prioritization of new leads based on some parameter of toxicity (e.g., the concentration that produces a half-... 

There are numerous approaches to the problem of capturing all the information in a set of multi endpoint data. When the data are continuous in nature, approaches such as the analog plot can be used (Chemoff, 1973 Chambers et al., 1983 Schmid, 1983). A form of control chart also can be derived for such uses when detecting effect rather than exploring relationships between variables is the goal. When the data are discontinuous, other forms of analysis must be used. Just as the control chart can be adapted to analyzing attribute data, an analog plot can be adapted. Other methods are also available. 

This was a multi-centre, pan-European, randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in acute stroke to evaluate the effect of ancrod, a natural defribrinogenating agent (Hennerici et al. (2006)). The primary endpoint was based on the Barthel Index a favourable score of 95 or 100 or a return to the pre-stroke level at three months was viewed as a success. The primary method of statistical analysis was based on a logistic model including terms for treatment, age category, baseline Scandinavian Stroke Scale and centre. 

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