Mucoadhesive Preparations in the Gastrointestinal Tract

The research on drug administration through the mucosa of the oral cavity dates back to the beginning of the 1980s [111]. Buccal preparations are 

Test polymer Mean % adhesive force Standard deviation Qualitative bio(muco) adhesive property 

Absorption through the oral mucosa can take place in two ways i) inter- or paracellular pathway, which is a passive transport through the lipid matrix between the cells and ii) trans- or intracellular pathway through the cell walls, which can be either passive or active transport. The following dosage forms may be used i) polymer-coated nanoparticles, ii) special tablets, iii) pol)mtier films, and iv) gels (patches) [112-119]. 

It is also possible to ensure that the mucoadhesive preparation is retained in the stomach until the active substance is dissolved completely [120] or the active substance is released from the preparation only in the colon [121]. 

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