Most Frequently Used Acronyms

Surface physics, like many other fields, is plagued by the use of acronyms. The acronyms used in this chapter, as well as those most frequently found in the literature, are listed below  

ARUPS angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy 

ELAPW full-potential linearized augmented plane wave 

HATOE helium atom time-of-flight spectroscopy 

HEIS high-energy ion scattering/high-energy ion scattering spectroscopy 

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Regarding TDDFT benchmark studies of chiroptical properties prior to 2005, the reader is referred to some of the initial reports of TDDFT implementations and early benchmark studies for OR [15,42,47,53,98-100], ECD [92,101-103], ROA [81-84], and (where applicable) older work mainly employing Hartree-Fock theory [52,55, 85,104-111], Often, implementations of a new quantum chemistry method are verified by comparing computations to experimental data for relatively small molecules, and papers reporting new implementations typically also feature comparisons between different functionals and basis sets. The papers on TDDFT methods for chiroptical properties cited above are no exception in this regard. In the following, we discuss some of the more recent benchmark studies. One of the central themes will be the performance of TDDFT computations when compared to wavefunction based correlated ab initio methods. Various acronyms will be used throughout this section and the remainder of this chapter. Some of the most frequently used acronyms are collected in Table 1. 

The Physics of Solid Surfaces I 2.6 Most Frequently Used Acronyms 1027... 

Pr N)[RuO ] (TPAP) and ("Bu N)[RuO ] (TBAP) The acronyms TRAP and TBAP were coined in 1987 [452], The most frequently used is TPAP (CAS number 114615-82-6) very occasionally it is called the Griffith, Ley or Griffith-Ley reagent, but here TPAP is used throughout. 

PUVA is the acronym originally introduced to describe the combined administration of psoralen and subsequent exposure to high-intensity ultraviolet radiation from an artificial source (UVA). In the United States, orally administered 8-methoxypsor-alen (8-MOP) is the psoralen most frequently used in combination with UVA light therapy and will be the focus of this discussion. However, the term PUVA also refers to therapy with other oral and topical psoralens, most commonly 4,5, 8-trimethylpsoralen (TMP), a synthetic psoralen, and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), not available in the United States. 

For the nonexpert reader. Table VII. 1 lists the most frequently used methods together with the associated acronyms. To understand the nomenclature used for the DFT methods, let us recall that according to Hohen-berg-Kohn theorem, the ground-state electronic energy is determined completely by the electron density. In other words, the total energy of the ground state is a functional of the density. This relationship can be written as... 

In the practice of system safety engineering and management, as well as in the safety and health profession in general, numerous abbreviations and acronyms are used quite regularly. The following is a listing of those most frequently used or encountered, either in this text or in the system safety and/or safety and health disciplines in... 

A list of frequently used abbreviations and acronyms is given here in order to help readers, but not necessarily to encourage their universal usage. In many cases an acronym can be found written in lower case letters and in capitals. In the list which follows only the most common usage is given. More extensive lists for different spectroscopic methods have been published by IUPAC [47,48] and by Wendisch [75]. 

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