Morphological character state reconstruction

Leucodon gracilis Hampe, Icon. Muse. (Hampe) 18.1844. = Glyphothecium gracile (Hampe) Broth. 18.4.2 Reconstruction of Morphological Character States... 

Character states were optimized on a topology (the backbone tree) based on the combined analysis of morphology, 18S nrDNA, rbcL and atpB by Doyle and Endress (2000), but also incorporating changes and updates based on more recent analyses (e.g. Doyle et al., 2008 Endress and Doyle, 2009 Doyle and Endress, 2010). Ancestral states were reconstructed using the Ancestral State Reconstruction Package implemented in Mesquite (Maddison and Maddison, 2007) and the... 

The objectives of this chapter are several first, to resolve phylogenetic relationships within the Ptychomniales using DNA sequence data second, to reconstruct ancestral character states within the Ptychomniales and third, to test whether the presence of dwarf males correlates to morphological characters and the epiphytic habitat. 

Eighteen morphological characters and one habitat character were chosen for reconstruction of ancestral states and correlation studies. The characters included are listed below and the character matrix is presented in Table 18.2. A list of the specimens used for the anatomical and morphological... 

Sufficient material of Lepyrodon pseudolagurus and the Chilean specimen for morphological studies was not available and these taxa were pruned from the ML tree. Reconstruction of ancestral character states under MP was accomplished by mapping the morphological characters onto the pruned ML tree using MacClade 4.03 (Maddison and Maddison, 2001). 

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