Mood stabilizers effects

Lamotrigine is effective for the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder in adults. It has both antidepressant and mood-stabilizing effects, and it may have augmenting properties when combined with lithium or valproate. It has low rates of switching patients to mania. Although it is less effective for acute mania compared to lithium and valproate, it may be beneficial for the maintenance therapy of treatment-resistant bipolar I and II disorders, rapidcycling, and mixed states. It is often used for bipolar II patients. 

Oxcarbazepine has mood-stabilizing effects similar to those of carbamaz-epine, but with milder side effects, no autoinduction of metabolizing enzymes, and potentially fewer drug interactions. There are fewer data supporting its efficacy than there are for carbamazepine s efficacy. 

Post et al. 1992) are also worthy of consideration. Effects on the IP3 receptor-mediated calcium release have also been shown to affect ultrarapid neuronal and cellular calcium oscillations in several different types of preparations, raising the possibility that IP3 modulation, either directly or indirectly through effects on phosphoinositide turnover, could be important to some elements of lithium s and related agents mood-stabilizing effects (Berridge 1989 Dixon et al. 1992 Lupu-Meiri et al. 1994 Varney et al. 

Valproate, a simple branched-chain fatty acid, was first reported as a successful treatment for acute mania by Lambert and colleagues in 1966. Following this report, at least 16 uncontrolled trials consistently supported the observation that valproate has acute and long-term mood-stabilizing effects in patients with bipolar disorder (reviewed by Keck et al. 1992a). Recently, five double-blind controlled studies of valproate have been completed that provide definitive evidence of its efficacy in acute mania. 

Hoschl C, Vackova J, Janda B Mood stabilizing effect of verapamil. Abstracts of the 17th CINP Congress, Kyoto, Japan, September 10-14, 1990, Vol 1, abstract no P-11-4-15, 1990, p 95... 

Hoschl C, Vackova J, Janda B Mood stabilizing effect of verapamil. Bratisl Lek Usty 93 208-209, 1992... 

Although many mechanisms have been proposed, the basis for the mood-stabilizing effects of valproate is most likely concordant with... 

The mechanism of action of anticonvulsants remains poorly characterized, both in terms of their anticonvulsant effects or their antimanic/mood stabilizing effects. They may even have multiple mechanisms of action. At the cell membrane, anticonvulsants appear to act on ion channels, including sodium, potassium, and calcium channels. By interfering with sodium movements through voltage-operated sodium... 

Profound mood-stabilizing effects of the atypical antipsychotic drugs were observed once their antipsychotic effects were documented. These effects on mood appear to be quite independent of their effects on positive symptoms of psychosis. The most dramatic story may be how impressive the atypical antipsychotics are turning out to be for the treatment of bipolar disorder (Fig. 11 — 53). Although the best documented effect of these drugs is to reduce psychotic symptoms in the acute manic phase of bipolar disorder, it is clear that these agents also stabilize mood and can help in some of the most difficult cases, such as those marked by rapid cycling and mixed simultaneous manic-depressed states that are often nonresponsive to mood... 

The authors commented that the manic symptoms had probably been caused by glucocorticoids or glucocorticoid withdrawal. They concluded that patients with cluster headache and a history of affective disorder should not be treated with glucocorticoids, but with valproate or lithium, which are effective in both conditions. Lamotrigine, an anticonvulsive drug with mood-stabilizing effects, may prevent glucocorticoid-induced mania in patients for whom valproate or lithium are not possible (101). 

Taken together, the data reviewed suggest that inositol may play a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying BAD, and that the inositol depletion hypothesis may help to explain the mood-stabilizing effects of anti-bipolar drugs. 

Not yet clear if it has mood stabilizing effects in bipolar disorder or antineuralgic actions in chronic neuropathic pain, but some patients may respond and if so, would be expected to show clinical effects... 

B. J. Kaplan, et al., Effective Mood Stabilization with a Chelated Mineral Supplement An Open-Label Trial in Bipolar Disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 62 (2001) 936-944 A. B. Mayer, Historical Changes in the Mineral Content of Fruits and Vegetables. British Food Journal. 99 (1997) 207-211 C. W. Popper, Do Vitamins or Minerals (Apart from Lithium) Have Mood-Stabilizing Effects Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 62, no. 12 (2001) 933-944 S. J. Schoenthaler and I. D. Bier, The Effect of Vitamin-Mineral Supplementation on Juvenile Delinquency Among American Schoolchildren A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 6 (February 2000) 7-17. 

C. W. Popper, Do Vitamins or Minerals (Apart from Lithium) Have Mood-Stabilizing Effects Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 62, no. 12 (2001) 933-944. 

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