Monomethyl itaconate

During the past decade, the properties and applications of the monoesters and diesters derived from itaconic acid have received growing interest because the monomers can be obtained biotechnologically and a great variety of related polymers can be synthesized thanks to two lateral esterifiable groups contained in the monomer [65]. The first work on poly(monomethyl itaconate) (PMMI)/ PVPo complexes was done by Bimendina et al. [66], and it was followed by Pe-... 

Table 3. Complexation of poly(monomethyl itaconate) with various proton-accepting polymers...

There is some reason to expect that conversion of the anhydride to a half-ester might reduce the sensitivity of the copolymers. Hiraoka (10) determined the relative sensitivities of PMMA, PMA (polymethacrylic acid) and PMA AN (polymethacrylic anhydride) by measuring the gaseous products (CO, C02, and H2) given off when these polymers were exposed to electron beam radiation of 2.5 keV at 297 °K. He found that the G values (number of chemical events produced per 100 eV of absorbed radiation) for the removal of side groups are 2.0, 7.4 and 16 for PMMA, PMA and PMA AN, respectively. Anderson (11) found a similar relative order of sensitivity. For copolymers of methylmethacryate with 25% dimethylitaconate, 25% monomethyl itaconate or 25% itaconic acid (or anhydride) the G(s) values were 1, 2, 3, respectively. For the copolymer of alpha-methylstyrene and monomethyl maleate, on the other hand, we find an increase in sensitivity by a factor of 2.5 over the corresponding anhydride as described below. 

Usually, the fabrication of a close - packed assembly of amphiphilic molecules at an air - water interface by the Langmuir method requires suitable subphase conditions related to the ionic species and its concentration, pH, temperature and addition of another complementary solutes. In the last case, to explore the feasibility of enhancing the interactions of some amphiphilic polymers with water soluble polymers at the air - water interface, it was studied the system of poly(monomethyl itaconate) (PMMel) as subphase stabilizer of maleic anhydride - alt - stearyl methacrylate(MA-alt-StM) monolayers at the air - water interface. 

Surface pressure [68] (it) vs. Area (A) (A2 per repeating unit) isotherms were measured for MA-alt-StM on water and on aqueous poly (monomethyl itaconate) solutions at pH 3.0 and 7.0. Figure 3.12 shows these isotherms. 

The influence erf the PVP chain length on the cooperative interaction in the poly-(monomethyl itaconate)-poly(vinylpyrrolidone) system in methanol and DMF was investigated44. In DMF, an aprotic solvent, in the low molecular weight region of PVP (5 x 103 and 15 x 103) some loose complexes are formed ([77] = 0.25 and 0.21 dl/g respectively). With increasing molecular weight of PVP, a densification of the com-... 

In the investigation of the complex formation in the poly(monomethyl itaconate)-polyvinylpynolidone system formation of the cwnpact polymer complexes was observed in a wide range of PVP molecular weights (5-590) x ICP. For PMAA-PVP it was shown that the chain length of macromolecular components do not influence the process of the cooperative interaction. The compact complex are also formed by the interaction of two large macromolecules of similar molecular weight (PMAA with M = 880 X10 and PVP with M = 9 X 10. [17] of the complex is equal 0.14 dl/g). 

Blanco, M.D. Garcia, O. Trigo, R.M. Teijon, J.M. Katime, I. 5-Fluorouracil release from copolymeric hydrogels of itaconic acid monoester. I. Acrylamide-co-monomethyl itaconate. Biomaterials 1996, 17 (11), 1061-1067. 

Blanco, M.D. Gomez, C. Garcia, O. Teijon, J.M. Ara-C release from poly(acrylamide-co-monomethyl itaconate) hydrogels In vitro and in vivo studies. Polym. Gels Networks 1998, 6, 57-69. 

Sometimes, the compatibilization of PP/EPDM blends has been the key issue to improve the properties of the blends. Lopez-Manchado s group (7) studied the effect of grafted PP on the compatibihty and properties of PP-EPDM thermoplastic elastomer blends. They functionalized the isotactic PP (iPP) through grafting in Brabender plasticorder with two itaconate. The functionalization of iPP was performed by melt blending through grafting with two itaconic acid derivatives, monomethyl itaconate and dimethyl itaconate (MMI and DMI, respectively). 

As mentioned earlier, an objective way of defining sensitivity is to plot the thinning of unexposed film when a film exposed to dose D is develop completely. The "sensitivity" can be defined as the dose at which thiiming is 10%. This treatment ignores the differences in contrast which may result With that caveat in mind, curves for PMMA and a copolymer of methyl methacrylate with monomethyl itaconate... 

Monomethyl itaconate Thiocarbonate Single Tg II had methyl, ethyl, or propyl side groups Radic and Gargallo (1991)... 

Monomethyl itaconate Tertiary amide Single Tg II was V,V-dimethylacrylamide or 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline formed complexes Meaurio et al. (1996)... 

Specific examples of comonomers include imides, perylenediimide, urethane-ureas, - epoxies, " other siloxanes, ° amides, " styrene, divinylbenzene, acrylics, - silsesquioxanes, polythiophenes,and poly(lactic acid). One novel combination is the preparation of polysiloxane-based episulfide resins. An unusual application is the use of monomethyl-itaconate-grafted polymethylsiloxane to induce crystal growth of CaCOg. Polysiloxanes containing thermally curable brenzoxazine moieties in the main chain are also in the category. ... 

Table 1. Partial specific volume of poly(monomethyl itaconate). ...

Functionalized poly (propylene) (PP) by radical melt grafting with monomethyl itaconate or dimethyl itaconate is a compatibilizer in poly(propylene) (PP)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) blends. Blends with compositions 15/85 and 30/70 by weight of PP and PET, prepared in a single screw extruder, revealed a very fine and uniform dispersion of the PP phase compared to the respective non-compat-ibilized blends. 

Methyl-l,3-propanediol, 15 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 205 Monomethyl itaconate, 223 Monophenyldicresyl phosphate, 14 Monophenyldixylenyl phosphate, 14 Montan wax, 90... 

PMMI PDMA PEOx Poly(monomethyl itaconate) (PMMI) forms complexes with poly(N,N-di-methylacrylamide) and poly(ethyl oxa-zoline) in methanol stoichiometric complex 986... 

Blanco, M.D., Bernardo, M.V., Teijon, G., Sastre, R.L., Teijon, J.M., 2003. Transdermal application of bupivacaine-loaded poly (acrylamide (A)-co-monomethyl itaconate) hydrogels. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 255 (1), 99-107. 

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone-c -monomethyl itaconate) Chromatography Tetrahydrofuran SEC, ultrastyragel 2692... 

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