Molecular folding

The molecular folding of the backbone chain of the enzyme, as well as the distribution and content of amino acids [71] plays a decisive role in determining the characteristic specificity of an enzyme with regard to its reactions. This folding is markedly affected by temperature, for example. As the temperature rises, the chain gradually unfolds until a point is reached at which the enzyme becomes denatured and the catalytic activity is lost. 

The columnar order in 52a,b was explained by molecular folding the molecules are assumed to be in their U- (or wedge-) shaped conformation and six molecules self-assemble to a supramolecular disc. These discs are stacked in columns and arranged within a columnar hexagonal lattice (Fig. 8). Folding of similar mesogens was also seen by Heiney [65]. 

Fibrillin-rich microfibrils have endowed tissues with elasticity throughout multicellular evolution. X-ray studies and mechanical testing of microfibril bundles showed that bound calcium influences load deformation, but is not necessary for high extensibility and elasticity (Eriksen et al, 2001 Wess et al, 1997, 1998a,b). Thus, tissue microfibril elasticity is modified by, but not dependent on, calcium-induced beaded periodic changes. This is consistent with the molecular folding model. 

Viscosity of soluble actomyosin fractions decreased with increasing time of storage (64-68). This suggests that the actomyosin filaments have become less rod-like or less filamentous either by individual molecular folding or by aggregation of the filaments. 

The extended set of locally excited conformations will produce the charge-separated (CS) set of states, whereas the folded set will generate the exciplex state. Finally, Coulombic-induced molecular folding (harpooning [57]) in the extended set of CS states will lead to increased production of the exciplex state. The dynamic competition between the various processes outlined in Figure 15 depends not only on the chain length and the redox properties of the donor and acceptor groups, but also on solvent polarity. 

Polymers assume a rodlike conformation, as opposed to the typical random coil conformation, when the chemical structure (e.g., para connected benzene rings) or molecular folding (e.g., a-helical structures) prevents internal rotation and thus local bending. Examples of such rodlike molecules in biological... 

The row sums of this matrix contain information on the molecular folding in fact, in highly folded structures, they tend to be relatively small as the interatomic distances are small while the topological distances increase as the size of the structure increases. Therefore, the average row sum is a molecular invariant called the average distance/ distance degree, i.e. 

But what about the intramolecular coupling process or, to take a particular example, what are the dynamics of the two sulfurs in 1,3-bis(methylthio)propane to yield radical cation 7 after one of the sulfurs has been oxidized All attempts to follow the presumed molecular folding in any of the dithia compounds with sulfur-sulfur separations of up to five carbon atoms, i.e., to resolve the S. .S formation from the initial oxidation of one of the sulfurs on the conventional pulse radiolysis time scale (> 10 ns) have failed. The answer to this puzzle could only be provided indirectly by other techniques which, incidentally, emphasizes the value of complementary experimental approaches. 

Fig. 2.22 Projections of the backbone structure of a molecular fold (a) on the B plane ((100) plane) and (b) on the D plane ((110) plane) of polyethylene (from McMahon etal. (1967) courtesy of the American Institute of Physics).

A lack of glycosylation that can modify the molecular fold of native versus recombinant NepI protein ... 

Foldamer Characteristic Medicine Materials Molecular folding Properties... 

The normalized Perron root (the first eigenvalue) (Horn and Johnson, 1985) of such matrices for linear structures appears to be an index of molecular folding... 

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