Moisture in drying

Fig. 3. Effect of feed moisture content on energy available for synfuel production. Assumes feed has a heating value of 11.63 MJ /kg (5000 Btu/lb) dry. A, 0% moisture in dried feed B, 30% moisture in dried feed. For example, reduction of an initial moisture content of 70 wt % by thermal drying to 30% moisture content requites the equivalent of 37% feed energy content and leaves 63% feed energy available for SNG production.

Vlll)Moisture in Dried LA. LA s dried at the Plant usually contain small amounts of moisture (0.3"0.4%). The following two methods for the detn of this moisture were studied at PicArsn by Bernstein (Ref 8) a)Closed Vessed Technique. Transfer carefully by a wooden spatula ca 2 g sample to a tared, flat top Pyrex, weighing vessel approx 55 mm in diam and 30 mm high, provided with a ground joint cap. Close the dish and accurately weigh the ensemble. Remove the cap and heat the vessel in an oven at 65° for 1 to 1% hrs. Cool for 20 mins in a desiccator over freshly prepd CaCIJf cap the vessel and reweigh... 

Dry heat should be used only for materials that cannot be sterilized by steam either because the moisture would damage the materials or they would be impermeable to it. There are many complicating factors associated with dry-heat sterilization. The process of steam sterilization is accomplished by saturated moisture in dry-heat sterilization, the moisture can vary considerably. Because of the loss of moisture, the death rate of spores might change with the continued application of heat. ... 

Karl Fischer method This is primarily used for low-moisture products and is suitable for determining moisture in dried vegetables and legumes. This sensitive titration method is based on the nonstoichio-metric reaction of water with iodine and sulfur dioxide in pyridine/methanol solution. 

Near-infrared spectrometrie method This method has also been shown to be particularly suited to the determination of moisture in dried vegetables. Absorption is measured at wavelengths characteristic of molecular vibration in water and compared with a calibration equation derived from reference samples of known composition. 

Oxygen in hydrogen Oxygen in chlorine Moisture in dry chlorine Chlorine tail gas composition... 

This procedure is based on that described in the 15 th edition of AO AC (1990) for moisture in dried fruit. 

Dry acid, 1.0 mmole, is dissolved with exclusion of moisture in dry carbon tetrachloride (3 ml). To this solution, 0.5 mmole of solid dicyclohexyl carbodiimide is added with rapid stirring at 0°. Stirring is continued for 15 min at 0° and for an additional 5 min at 25°. The mixture is then filtered directly into a suspension of -D-galactosylamine in dimethylformamide, and the filter is washed with dry carbon tetrachloride. 

TABLE 1 Retained Moisture in Dried Ammonium Nitrate in the Presence of Various Salts of PSS, PVS, and PVSS Polymeric Additives... 

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