Modulus single crystal fibers

The fibers are highly crystalline and single crystal tensile strength measurements range from 2 10s psi to 1 106 psi, while the modulus of elasticity ranges from 10 106 psi to 26 10 psi. These values are comparable to the published values for chrysotile asbestos. 

The highest modulus of a given substrate is obtained with a single crystal structure. Single crystal CVD-SiC whiskers (578 GPa) have a stiffen more highly ordered, structure than polycrystalline CVD-SiC fibers (190-400 GPa), and sapphire whiskers and fibers (415 GPa) are stiffer than slurry spun polycrystalline alumina fibers such as Fiber FP (380 GPa). Superimposed upon this relationship is a compositional factor. Fiber modulus and structural order generally also decrease with increasing compositional complexity, e.g., silicon carbide is intrinsically stiffer than silicon oxycarbide such as Nicalon, and slurry spun alumina fibers are stiffer than sol-gel or melt spun aluminate fibers. 

The longitudinal Young s modulus of a carton fiber is directly controlled by the orientation of the graphene layers along the fiber axis. Its upper limit, which would be achieved for a perfect orientation (Z = 0), is the Young s modulus b = Cn = 1060 GPa for a graphite single crystal in... 

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