Modified poly concentration

The excellent stability and reproducibility of these modified poly(aniline) electrodes for NADH oxidation allows detailed kinetic studies of the system to be completed. To determine the mechanism of NADH oxidation the effects of film thickness, electrode potential, rotation rate and NAD concentration have been investigated. 

Fig. 10.16 Tumor pacUtaxel concentrations upon intravenous administration to SKOV-3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma bearing nude mice. Paclitaxel was administered intravenously in aqueous solution, poly(ethylene oxide)-modified polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles, or poly(ethylene oxide)-modified poly(P-amino ester) (PbAE) nanoparticles, (reproduced from [212], with permission from Springer)...

FIG. 8 Low shear viscosity (0.06 s-1) of C18 modified poly(acrylic acid) solutions at pH 9, as a function of lysozyme concentration. The inset gives the weight concentration of polymer and the modification rate 3C18 corresponds to the grafting of 3 mol% of the monomers along the backbone. Hatch marks are the boundary of phase separation. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 6. Copyright 1995 Stein-kopff Verlag.)... 

The optimum concentration of this particular hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) for emulsion stability appears to be 0.4%. This level gives emulsion stability over the pH range 3 to 9 at oil loadings up to 20% by weight. At 0.2 and 0.6% of the polymer, however, instability of the emulsion occurs at pH values higher than 8 (Figure 20). 

This paper will describe our analyses of the structures of copolyesters, concentrating on the system studied in most detail the terpolymer prepared from 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxy-naphthalene (DHN), and terephthalic acid (TPA). We will also discuss analyses of the structure of HBA modified poly(ethylene terephthalate), in which the presence of -CH2-CH2 groups in the backbone leads to a more flexible chain. Other work on the copolymers of HBA and HNA is described in the following paper by Chivers et al. [3]... 

Koide and co-workers (ISO) demonstrated that when purified rat liver nuclei were incubated with [ C]NAD and the various nuclear protein fractions isolated, 40% of the total label was associated with histones with 50% of this with Hi. Under the conditions of the experiment, the poly(ADP-ribose) existed as trimers. The extent of modification reaction was dependent on the NAD concentration with 60% of the maximal at 1 mM NAD. The heterogeneity of the modified histones was observed on acid-urea gel electrophoresis where they migrated some 10- 20% slower than unmodified histone. A shift of the histone absorbance maximum from 275 to 259 nm was observed due to the presence of large amounts of ADP-ribose. The ADP-ribose to histone linkage was labile in dilute base and neutral hydroxylamine, as described earlier by Hayaishi 84). When HI was cleaved with chymo-trypsin at the central phenylalanine (residue 106), both halves of the molecule were found to be modified poly(ADP-ribose) was linked to glutamate 2 and glutamate 116. 

The increase of moduli and viscosity depending on surfactant concentration is known from mixtures of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylates) and low molecular... 

Hydrophobically modified polymer chains, referred to as associative thickeners, can produce gels at low concentrations, e.g. hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (Natrosol Plus, Hercules) or hydrophobically modified poly(ethylene oxide) (Rhom and Haas). 

---