Mobilization test

Ecotoxicological Prolonged fish toxicity (including reproduction) Avian acute/subacute toxicity Accumulation, degradation and mobility tests... 

It is important to note that the gout patients with high mobilizable lead and renal impairment had blood lead levels and ZPP concentrations that were no different from the rest of the group, indicating that there was no indication of lead overexposure in these individuals until the EDTA lead mobilization test was administered. Based on these results, it may be concluded that more extracellular lead accumulates in the renal impairment associated with some forms of gout. 

Excessive lead exposure has also been implicated as a causative agent in kidney disease associated with gout and essential hypertension (Batuman et al. 1981, 1983). Gout patients with renal impairment, and hypertensive patients with renal impairment, had significantly higher lead stores (as determined by the 3-day EDTA lead mobilization test) than gout patients or hypertensive patients without renal impairment, respectively. Therefore, excessive lead absorption may be involved in the renal impairment seen in patients with gout or essential hypertension. 

In preparation for the screen, a sufficient number of scoring sheets are filled in with the appropriate information. Then the cart employed as a mobile testing station is checked to ensure that all the necessary equipment (empty wire-bottom cage, blunt probe, penlight, 1/2 in. diameter steel rod, force transducer, ink pad, pad of blotting paper, ruler, and electronic probe thermometer) are on the cart and in forking order. Each animal is then evaluated by the following procedures. 

The ozonised air must be evenly distributed throughout the chamber and the fan in the ASTM cabinet achieves this, but at the expense of an uncontrolled air velocity. Probably, a better procedure is to use a diffuser at the gas inlet and also to attach the test pieces to a mobile test piece carrier such that each test piece visits every part of the cabinet at intervals. Such a carrier is recommended in the ISO standard. 

A simple vanadium mobility test can be setup, in which the vanadium which migrates from vanadium-loaded catalyst towards non-vanadium loaded catalyst can be measured under catalyst aging (usually steaming) conditions (2). 

Figure 8 illustrates the effect of temperature on vanadium mobility (measured on equilibrium catalysts from three FCC units) and the large impact of certain unit variables. For these measurements the coarse equilibrium catalyst was tested in a mobility test using the method described above by substituting sieved coarse equilibrium catalyst for vanadium impregnated catalyst. 

Hole mobility testing results are provided in Table 1. 

Weinberger HL, Post EM, Schneider T, Helu B, Friedman J. An analysis of 248 initial mobilization tests performed on an ambulatory basis. Am J Dis Child 1987 141 1266-70. 

Although the EDTA test has been shown to be safe even in the presence of renal failure [77], the cumulative nephrotoxicity of prolonged EDTA therapy in patients with markedly reduced glomerular filtration rates is unknown. Reports that CaNa2EDTA therapy has been followed by deterioration of renal function warrant careful follow-up of treated patients [78]. Despite these caveats, it may be appropriate to perform EDTA lead-mobilization tests in individuals with gout or hypertension and renal failure or interstitial nephritis of unknown etiology since a positive test may provide the best available indication of etiology. 

Wedeen RP, Batuman V, Landy E. The safety of the EDTA lead-mobilization test. Environ Res 1983 30 58-62. 

Figure 6. Inspection using the mobile test device Winspect ...

Complete initial round robin mobility testing of silicon nitride. Expected completion Nov. 30, 1990. On schedule. 

Milestone 351702—Complete round robin mobility testing of "benchmark" colloid—is expected to be completed before the next Progress Meeting. 

An additional test may be given if the child s blood lead-level is over 20 p.g/dl but below 45 p-g/dl, the level at which pharmacological treatment is clearly recommended by the CDC. Some practices will use a mobilization test (or provocation chelation test) to help determine the best course of treatment for the child. A drug is given to the child and the urine is colleeted for a number of hours afterwards. The amount of lead which is excreted in the urine will be an indication of the effectiveness of the drug in removing lead from the child s blood. This information is used in combination with other factors to decide whether to treat the child with a course of this drug. ... 

Early kidney disease is difficult to detect. The urinalysis is normal in early lead nephropathy and the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine increase only when two-thirds of kidney function is lost. Measurement of creatinine clearance can often detect earlier disease as can other methods of measurement of glomerular filtration rate. An abnormal Ca-EDTA mobilization test has been used to differentiate between lead-induced and other nephropathies, but this procedure is not widely accepted. A form of Fanconi syndrome with aminoaciduria, glycosuria, and hyperphosphaturia indicating severe injury to the proximal renal tubules is occasionally seen in children. 

Another type of test is the dynamic or mobile test where panels are mounted on vehicles to simulate the service conditions of cars or trucks. Vehicles are exposed to significant amounts of spray and splash from the road surface and, as a consequence, this environment is significantly different from that normally seen in the static exposures. In some... 

When products or materials are exposed to the natural environment, they are considered field or service tests. Included in this category are atmospheric exposure, mobil test racks, fleet tests, and field surveys (Table 8). 

Mobil test racks or plates are mounted on vehicles or trailers, which are subjected to normal driving conditions. They are mounted on various locations on vehicles such as the undervehicle as described in SAE J1293. However, these racks or plates are also mounted on bumpers, grilles, and truck trailers (Fig. 8). Panels, coupons, parts, and components are attached to these racks and are therefore exposed to driving conditions in the natural environment. Direct... 

Up to four electric motors, each comprising 30 kW, were used to drive the vehicle. Each wheel had a converter feeding a motor to drive the wheel directly. As it was a mobile testing array, all four motors were of different types but all had the same nominal power of 30 kW. Thus, at the front, there was a permanent-magnet wheel motor with sine control and a permanent-magnet wheel motor with trapeze control. The magnets in these motors were mounted on the surface. At the rear, there was an induction motor with vector control and a synchronous claw-pole motor with sine control. The converters were adapted to the type of motor, with only the level of control in terms of torque, and therefore current, being pre-defmed. It was the front motors which offered the best performances, particularly for the startup torque, which reaches up to six times the nominal torque of 700 N.m. 

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