Ultrasonic mixer

Hammoudi, M. et al. (2008) Flow analysis by pulsed ultrasonic velocimetry technique in SulzerSMX static mixer. Chem. Eng.]., 139 (3), 562-574. 

Ultrasonicator Bransonic ultrasonic cleaner, 0.75-gal (3.4 1-L) capacity Vortex mixer... 

Rotary vacuum evaporator, with a 40 °C water-bath Round-bottom flasks, 50-, 100-, 500- and 1000-mL Separatory funnels, 250- and 500-mL Ultrasonic water-bath Vortex mixer... 

This mixture is passed through a colloidal mill in the presence of 0.5% soda ash solution. The fatty acid prepared in this manner does not produce voluminous froth and is more selective than ordinary fatty acid mixtures. Experimental laboratory testwork conducted on the Kolwezi siliceous ore [18] with the above-mentioned mixture, with different degrees of dispersion showed substantial differences in metallurgical results (Table 19.4). Poor results were achieved when there was no dispersion of the mixture. The best results were obtained when the mixture was treated for 10 min in an ultrasonic mixer. In each case, the mixture was dissolved in a 0.5% soda ash solution. 

Static mixers Vibratmg-plate extractors Ultrasonic extractors Parametric pumping extractors... 

The RE process proceeds in three major types of equipment mixer-settler systems, column extractors, and centrifugal extractors. Countercurrent column extractors can be further subdivided into nonagitated nonproprietary columns and agitated proprietary extractors. Agitating the liquid-liquid system breaks up droplets and increases the interfacial area to improve the mass transfer and column efficiency. Various forms of energy input are used, e.g., rotation of propellers, impellers, and discs pulsation, vibration, and ultrasonic devices and centrifugal devices. 

Mixer type Ultrasonic micro mixer PZT ceramic width, length, thickness 5 mm, 4 mm, 150 pm... 

For clay minerals the natural processes of weathering and erosion tend to produce small particle sizes so that usually only mild dispersion in simple mixers, blenders, or ultrasonic baths are required. Also for days, having inherent lattice charge means that when in contact with water an electric double layer is immediately created and no stabilizing (peptizing) electrolyte may be needed in this case. The converse may also apply. That is, a sample may contain too much electrolyte to be easily dispersed. Clay and other suspensions that contain a large, aggregating amount of electrolyte can be purified by a number of means to remove this electrolyte and create a reasonably stable dispersion. 

In another report, an ultrasonic mixer was constructed on a PDMS-quartz chip using a ZnO film. The ZnO film (8 pm) was deposited on the quartz plate with a patterned Au electrode (300 nm) for excitation. Operation frequency was 450 MHz. No heating or bubble formation were observed with a power level of 15 dBm (or 30 mW at 1.2 VJ [489]. 

Ultrasound reactors are used quite often for the low-intensity treatment of solids in liquids. Examples of industrial-scale ultrasound reactors are the Reverbatory Ultrasonic Mixer with 16 kW total power input and 0.2 m3 min-1 flow rate, the... 

Emulsions are usually prepared by the application of mechanical energy produced by a wide range of agitation techniques. These disrupt droplets by the application of either shear forces in laminar flow or inertial forces in turbulent flow. Emulsifying devices ranging from simple hand mixers and stirrers to the use of propeller or turbine mixers, static mixers, colloid mills, homogenizers, and ultrasonic devices have been used. 

Vial rack 5. Balance 8. Gripping hand 11. Vortex mixer 14. Ultrasonic bath 17. Power and event controller... 

Valve homogenizers ultrasonic mixers None Usually continuous 0.1 < d32 < 10pm Sparse data work with vendors feed is predispersed... 

The difference between well-known SCF antisolvent techniques such as GAS, PCA, and SEDS usually can be attributed to the specific nozzle mixing (or dispersing) technique involved. Enhanced mass and heat transfer can also be achieved by using mechanical and ultrasonic mixers and ultrafast jet expansion techniques. There are new developments for particle formation by means of dispersed systems such as emulsions, micelles, colloids, and polymer matrixes. It should be emphasized that all these processes involve the same fundamental aspects of mass and heat transfer phenomena between an SCF and a subcritical phase. Clearly the ultimate goal of all SCF particle technologies is to achieve predictable, consistent, and economical production of fine pharmaceuticals or chemicals. This is possible only on the basis of comprehensive mechanistic understanding and well-developed scale-up principles. 

Stabilized by Brownian motion Emulsifiers, ultrasonic devices, rotor-stator mixers,... 

Homogenizers valve homogenizers, ultrasonic mixers continuous 0.1 < 5 32< 10 p sparse data work with vendors... 

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