Mixed-Weighted Sequences

Fig. 16.7. Fluoro MRI of the esophagus. Cine-Turbo-FLASH Tl weighted sequence acquired on coronal plane during ingestion of a solution of GD-DTPA (1%) mixed with water showing esophageal achalasia. The lack of relaxation of low esophageal sphincter (arrow) as well as low third esophageal dilatation during ingestion of oral contrast agent is well visible...

Monomer Sequence Distribution in the Copolymer by C NMR. The latex samples which were precipitated in the mixed solvent (ispropanol/hexane = 45/55 and dried in a vacuum oven at 45-50°C, were used for the C NMR study. The polymer samples were dissolved (5-7% weight volume) in deuterated pyridine (PYR d%) with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as a zero external reference. The NMR measurement and the theoretical calculation were carried out in CNRS, Laboratoire des Matriaux Organiques, in Lyon, France using C NMR 30 MH (Bruker). 

This simple relationship was derived before as equation 5.24, and was first used by Bauman and Eichorn in 1947 to predict selectivity sequences for simple monovalent cations from mean ionic activity coefficient data for pure aqueous electrolyte solutions containing a common anion. The inaccessibility of resin phase activity coefficients to direct measurement always remains a problem with thermodynamic equilibrium treatments. Therefore Glueckauf and others developed weight swelling and isopiestic water vapour sorption techniques to determine osmotic coefficients of pure salt forms of a resin, from which the mean ionic activity coefficients of mixed resinates could be computed using a modified form of Harned s Rule. Such studies predicted selectivity coefficient values which were in fair agreement with experiment and also demonstrated the fixed ion of the resin to be osmotically inactive. 

As implied in the Introduction, both proteins and (deoxy)ribonucleic acids can be viewed as ideal tyligomers—that is, the archetypal biological examples of discrete, high molecular weight macromolecules of mixed sequences with compact solution conformations assembled from many subunits of secondary structure. In our assessment of the literature, we have organized foldamer systems into four... 

Dilution is the process whereby the concentration or activity of a given solution is decreased by the addition of solvent. In laboratory practice, most dilutions are made by transferring an exact volume of a concentrated solution into an appropriate flask and then adding water or other diluent to the required volume, with appropriate mixing to ensure homogeneity. A serial dilution is a sequential set of dilutions in mathematical sequence. A given dilution is expressed as the amount, either volume or weight, of a solute (analyte) in a specified volume. For example, a 1 5 volume to volume (vol/vol) dilution contains one volume in a total of five volumes (one volume plus four volumes). 

All product sequences of A and B of length l will therefore share the eigenvector V, with an eigenvector which is a weighted geometric mean of Xla and Aj, which will not exceed the larger of Xla and A. The joint spectral radius of A and B will not, therefore, come from any mixed sequence of A and B. 

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