Minimum running time

Chromatographic temperature program to adequately resolve peaks in minimum run time... 

When k is known (normally provided by manufacturer), the minimum run time required for particle pelleting may be calculated from the relation... 

Several steps can be taken to maximize the run time for the reciprocating compressor. Since wear is a function of rubbing speed, the piston speed can be kept to a minimum. Chapter 3 made recommendations for piston speed. Reliability problems due to valves are reputed to account tor 40% of the maintenance cost of the compressor. Valves are the single largest cause for unplanned shutdowns. Basically, valve life can he increased by keeping the speed of the compressor as low as practical. At 360 rpm, the valves are operated six times a second. At 1,200 rpm, ihc valves operate 20 times a second or 1,728,000 times in a day. It is not difficult to understand why the valves are considered critical. To keep the reliability in mind, valve type, material selection and application considerations such as volume ratio, gas corrosiveness, and gas cleanliness need attention by the experts. One final note is that while lubrication is an asset to the rubbing parts, it is not necessarily good for valve reliability. 

One drawback of this approach is the relatively low sample throughput of traditional HPLC systems. The primary reason for this low throughput is that each standard and sample must be assayed under a minimum of three different isocratic conditions. Assuming a run time (injection to injection) of 10 min, it would take 50 hr to analyze 4 standards and 96 unknowns. /./PLC is ideally suited for determination of log P since it facilitates parallel analysis of a large number of compounds under identical chromatographic conditions (Table 6.4). 

Production planning has to determine run time and throughputs of production processes in order to derive input and output quantities for related input and output products (see also Franke 2005). Production processes can run between a minimum and maximum utilization (Siirie 2005b, p. 213). Production processes apply for continuous single purpose assets as well as... 

The process group hours range between minimum and maximum campaign hours, if a process group is active. This constraint bounds the run time of campaigns per period and activates the process group, if related processes have got a positive run time. 

The integration or exposure time of the arrays is controlled by the clock and a series of counters. The minimum integration time at room temperature of an array running with a 20 kHz clock is 15 milliseconds the maximum integration time is 205 milliseconds. The minimum time is limited by the scan time of the array the maximum time by thermal charge. 

The minimum residence times in compounding twin screw extruders for an average production run range from 5-15 seconds. 

Typically, SELECT would be configured to design libraries that simultaneously have maximum diversity, minimum cost and druglike physicochemical properties. The physicochemical property profiles are optimised by minimising the difference between the distribution of a property in the library and some reference distribution, for example, the distribution of the property in a collection of known drugs. Each of the properties is standardised and then relative weights are defined by the user at run time. 

Method suitability Product or minimum of various criteria run time, resolution of critical pair, and resistance of viability to small changes in conditions Final model of separation (customizable)... 

The final problem that became apparent was generally with the system s sample capacity. Even though the systems could run unattended overnight and continuously for 24-hour periods with only the bare minimum of attention (for solvent replenishment, etc.), there was a general feeling that the cycle time of the instrument was too slow. Cycle time refers to the time required for the system to make an injection, complete a run, re-equilibrate and be ready for the next injection. At this stage the minimum cycle time was 40 min and demands were being made for this to be reduced. 

If the method does not meet run time criteria or robustness requirements, it may require further optimization. Method development optimization is typically continued until the objectives outlined in the development plan are met. Method development experts often have the experience necessary to adequately optimize the methodology others may benefit from the documented and organized development approach of available software packages. Several commercial packages are available that combine classical chromatographic theory with statistical design to predict optimum separation conditions with a minimum number of experiments. 

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