Migration of antioxidants

The effectiveness of antioxidants depends not only on their intrinsic activity but also on their physical retention in the polymer. Migration of antioxidants into the sur-... 

J.A. Sidwell and E. Zondervan-vanden Beuken, UK Food Standards Agency project A3031/2,2004, Development of multi-methods for determining the migration of antioxidants and stabilisers included in Directive 2002/72/EC-Final project report. 

Marcato, B., Guerra, S., Vianello, M. and Scalia, S. (2003). Migration of antioxidant additives from various polyolefinic plastics into oleaginous vehicles, Int. J. Pharm., 257, 217-225. 

Most of the detailed systematic migration studies performed before 1990 were at low temperatures, i.e., less than 60 °C. In 1990, migration of antioxidants from polyolefins (the most common food packaging material) to the food simulants com oil, 95 % ethanol, water, 8 % ethanol and food was studied at high temperatures in the range... 

Goydan, R., Schwope A. D., Reid R.C., and Cramer G., 1990, High temperature Migration of Antioxidants from Polyolefins. Food Additives and Contaminants 1,323-337. 

Rybak, K.E. Sarzynski, W. Dawidowicz, A.L. Migration of antioxidant additives from pol3qjropylene investigated by means of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Chem. Anal. 1992, 37, 149-159. 

Migration of Antioxidants and Their Degradation Products From Polymers Into Solution... 

Antioxidants play an important role in the deceleration of lipid oxidation reactions in foodstuffs. According to FDA they are defined as substances used as preservatives, with the aim to reduce spoilage, rancidity or food discoloration, which are derived from oxidations. Addition of antioxidants in foodstuffs is either intentional (direct addition into product) or symptomatic (migration of antioxidants from packaging material into product). The right and effective use of antioxidants depends on the understanding of (a) the chemistry of oils and fats, and (b) the mechanism of oxidation and their operation as substances, which result in food oxidation (Table 13.12). ... 

Migration of antioxidants from rabber is known to cause PVC staining immediately or under action of UV" Rubber specimens (preferred size is 25 x 13 x 2 mm) are brought into contact with PVC specimens (preferred size 50 x 50 x 2 mm) under weight (pressure of 10 g/cm ) and placed for 20 h in the air-circulation oven having temperature of 70°C. Standard" suggests that samples should be further exposed to caibon arc on the side which contacted rabber. The extent of discoloration before and after exposure to UV is reported. 

Alin, J. Hakkarainen, M. Type of polypropylene material significantly influences the migration of antioxidants from polymer packaging to food simulants during micro-wave heating. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2010,118(2), 1084-1093. 

SPECIFIC MIGRATION OF ANTIOXIDANTS BHT, IRGANOX 1076, AND IRGAFOS 168 INTO TYPICAF EDIBFE OIFS UNDER MICROWAVE HEATING CONDITIONS... 

Goydan R., A.D. Schwope, R.C. Rear, and G. Cramer, High Temperature Migration of Antioxidants from Polyolefins, FoodAddit. Contam., 7, 323,1990. 

Peroxide Cross-Linking Polyethylene PEX-A Migration of Antioxidants... 

Thereby, the conducted studies aimed at analysis of thermal stability of pipes made of PEX-A ineorporating different antioxidant systems and of migration of antioxidants into hot water, showed that synergetic systems of antioxidants are practically identical in terms of their effieiency (Table 2). 

Figure 4.3 Migration of antioxidant lonox 330 from high-density polyethylene into different contact liqnids as a function of time. Tests were carried out at 20 °C...

---