Microorganisms acidifier

Other microorganisms ferment sugars to succinic acid (HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH), a promising intermediate for numerous chemicals [71]. Technical challenges include the toxicity of the succinate for the microorganisms, the need for expensive nutrients, the undesired co-production of acetic or pyruvic acid and the cost of acidifying the succinate to succinic acid. 

Sucrose and Dental Caries The most prevalent infection in humans worldwide is dental caries, which stems from the colonization and destruction of tooth enamel by a variety of acidifying microorganisms. These organisms synthesize and live within a water-insoluble network of dextrans, called dental plaque, composed of (al 6)-linked polymers of glucose with many (a 1 >3) branch points. Polymerization of dextran requires dietary sucrose, and the reaction is catalyzed by a bacterial enzyme, dextran-sucrose glucosyltransferase. 

Tomatoes were covered with a hydrochloric acid solution, pH of 1.2-1.6, to inactivate microorganisms and plant enzymes (16). Pre-peeled tomatoes were stored in acid solutions successfully. Fructose and carotene degradation in the presence of oxygen were practical disadvantages. The processing and acidified bulk storage of semifinished fruits and vegetables reduced costs and improved quality (17). 

Common acidifying amendments for the reclamation of calcareous sodic soils are sulfuric acid and elemental sulfur. Sulfur must be oxidized to sulfuric acid by soil microorganisms before it becomes effective. A lead time of several weeks or months may be required for microbial oxidation before leaching begins. The reaction is... 

Acids are used in soft drink to balance the sweeteners and to inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as yeasts, molds, and bacteria. Soft drinks are acidified either by the addition of fruit juices or by the inclusion of an acid. The three most commonly used acids are citric, malic, and phosphoric. Other acids such as tartaric and fumaric are also used. Citric acid is found in citrus fruits, blackcurrants, strawberries, and raspberries. Malic acid is found in apples, cherries, plums, and peaches. Phosphoric acid is generally used in cola drinks. 

---