Microfluidic Logic Gates

Microfluidic Circuits, Fig. 1 Schematic view of a four-channel microfluidic logic gate [3]. The lengths and cross-sectional areas of the input channels A and B are the same. The flow resistance of the output channel Y is higher than that of X owing to its smaller cross-sectional area... 

Microfluidic logic gates concern the use of microfluidic devices to implement logical operations such as NOT, AND, OR, and XOR. 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 1 Schematic and operation of microfluidic AND/OR bubble logic (Adapted from Prakash and Gershenfeld [4])... 

Basic Methodology for Digital Microfluidic Logic Gates... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 4 (a) Experimental setup from Pollack [9] and (b) fabricated biochip... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 8 On-chip cycle-by-cycle operation for the OR gate with input 11... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Table 2 Actuation-voltage sequence for the AND gate... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 10 Operation of the AND gate with input 10... 

This section shows how microfluidic logic gates can be used to implement the compactor in a BIST architecture. The microfluidic compactor can compress the test-outcome droplets into one... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 18 Comparison of result-evaluation time with and without microfluidic compactor... 

Microfluidic Logic Gates, Fig. 19 Area overhead of microfluidic compactor for parallel scan-like test... 

Second, control paths have been incorporated in the design of a digital microfluidic lab-on-chip. Fluidic checkpoints are used to monitor the intermediate results during the bioassay execution. However, the implementation of the control-flow-based bioassay is coordinated by an external microcontroller. Therefore, the research on using microfluidic logic gates to implement the control flow is needed. In this way, the expensive external microcontroller can be replaced, and the cost of the entire control-flow-based digital microfluidic lab-on-chip can be reduced drastically. 

A microfluidic logic gate eliminates the need for external valves to control the flow and mixing in microcharmels. It also increases the speed of response of the control mechanism this speed is about 100 times faster than that of external control devices. Figure 4 shows experimental results obtained from a bubble-based logic gate in a microfluidic... 

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