Microfabricated Flow Cytometer

Microfabricated Coulter counter Microfabricated flow cytometer, Micromachined Coulter counter Micromachined flow cytometer. Miniaturized fluorescence-activated cell sorting devices... 

We briefly describe the general methods to fabricate flow cytometers. Conventional flow cytometers contain flow chambers or cuvettes made from glass or quartz tubes, with an injector inserted into the middle of the tube. Recently, microfabricated flow cytometers have been developed using photolithography and micromachining techniques. The two kinds of micromachining... 

The microfluidic device design and the relative flow rate of sheath and sample play important roles in hydrodynamic focusing. Lee et al. [6] proposed a theoretical model to predict the width of focused center flow inside a microfabricated flow cytometer [6]. Based on potential flow theory, they derived the equation for flow inside a planar microfabricated flow cytometer under the two-dimensional situation shown in Fig. 3a. The flow is considered laminar, and the diffusion and mixing between focused stream and sheath flows is assumed negligible. With these assumptions, conservation of mass yields... 

Fig. 3 Hydrodynamic focusing for microfabricated flow cytometers (a) schematic diagram of a 2-dimensional microfabricated flow cytometer for a theoretical approach, (b) photograph of focused sample stream inside a flow cytometer, and (c) variation of the width of the focused stream as a function of the relative flow rates of sample and sheath [6]...

Lee et al. (2003) proposed a novel approach to integrate polymeric optical waveguides onto microfabricated flow cytometers. Instead of inserting optical fibers through... 

Flow Cytometer Lab-on-a-Chip Devices, Fig. 5 Microfabricated Coulter counter (a) scanning electron microscope image of the Coulter counter. The 3.5 pm-deep reservoirs and the inner Ti/Pt electrodes, which control the voltage applied to the pore but pass no current, are only partially shown. The inset shows a magnified view of this device s pore, which has dimensions 5.1 X 1.5 X 1.0 pm, and (b) relative changes in baseline current versus time for a monodisperse solution of 87 nm diameter latex colloids and a polydisperse solution of latex colloids with diameters 460, 500, 560, and 640 nm [5]... 

Flow cytometry is a popular technique for counting and sorting individual cells or particles. Also, it is used for measurement of various physicochemical characteristics and distribution of cell populations. A flow cytometer Lab-on-a-Chip is a microfluidic tool for flow cytometry that is made using microfabrication techniques. It incorporates many components and functionalities of a typical roomsized laboratory onto a small chip. 

Bow, H., et al, 2011. A microfabricated deformability-based flow cytometer with application to malaria. Lab Chip 11 (6), 1065-1073. 

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