Microemulsion drug release

Dalmora, M.E., Dalmora, S.L. and Oliveira, A.G. (2001) Inclusion complex of piroxicam with (3-cyclodextrin and incorporation in cationic microemulsion. In vitro drug release and in vivo topical anti-inflammatory effect. Int. ]. Pharm., 222, 45-55. 

Apart from the microemulsion structure and composition, the drug release rate from a microemulsion is expected to depend on the oil/water partitioning of the drug. In the study by Trotta et al. [16] on the release of steroid hormones of different lipophilicities from O/W microemulsions, a correlation was found between the partition coefficients and the release rates of the hormones. 

Also, strong interactions (complexation) between the drug and the surfactant have been found to strongly affect the drug release rate in microemulsion formulations. For example, Gasco et al. [19] studied the release of doxorubicin, a hydrophilic antitumor drug, from a W/O microemulsion formed by lecithin, water, hexanol, and ethyl oleate and observed a reservoir effect due to complexation between doxorubicin and lecithin. 

IL-based microemulsion as a green solvent has been extensively investigated in the fields of material synthesis, polymerization, biocatalysis, organic synthesis, drug release, protein extraction, and capillary electrophoresis. 

Leung, R. and D. O. Shah (1989). Microemulsions an evolving technology for pharmaceutical applications. In Rossof, M. (ed.)Qontrolled Release of Drugs Polymers and Aggregate Sy t 8W, New York, pp. 85-215. 

Schmalfuss, U., Neubert, R., and Wohlrab, W. (1997), Modification of drug penetration into human skin using microemulsions, J. Controlled Release, 46(3), 279-285. 

Sintov,A. C.,and Shapiro, L. (2004), New microemulsion vehicle facilitates percutaneous penetration in vitro and cutaneous drug bioavailability in vivo, J. Controlled Release, 95(2), 173-183. 

Kantaria, S., Rees, G. D., and Lawrence, M. J. (1999), Gelatin-stabilised microemulsion-based organogels Rheology and application in iontophoretic transdermal drug delivery, /. Controlled Release, 60(2-3), 355-365. 

The synthesis of polyacrylic acid nanoparticles from inverse microemulsions has also been described in the literature. Polyacrylic acid is a well-known bioadhesive agent. Hence, polyacrylic acid nanoparticles loaded with the drug would have enhanced bioavailability and controlled release characteristics. The synthesis of timolol maleate and bri-monidine nanoparticles for improved ocular and oral delivery has been reported [153, 154]. 

Kawakami, K., Yoshikawa, T., Moroto, Y., Kanaoka, E., Takahashi, K., Nishihara, Y.andMasuda, K. (2002) Microemulsion formulation for enhanced absorption of poorly soluble drugs I. Prescription design. /. Control. Release, 81, 65-74. 

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