Microcomputer system

Other familiar languages may be C, ADA, LISP, ALGOL, PL/I, Prolog, and APL which are now available on many microcomputer systems. 

The equipment consisted of two Waters (Waters Corp. Milford, MA) M-45 pumps, a Waters 481 UV detector, a six-port Valeo sampling valve (A2L6P) with 0.08" holes in the valve body and rotor, a Rheodyne Model 7413 injection valve with a 1-pl loop, a valve interface box, and a Digital Equipment LSI-11/23-based microcomputer system. The microcomputer was used to control all valves, collect raw data from the UV detector, integrate the chromatogram, and store and plot results. 

AT-cut, 9 MHz quartz-crystal oscillators were purchased from Kyushu Dentsu, Co., Tokyo, in which Ag electrodes (0.238 cm2) had been deposited on each side of a quartz-plate (0.640 cm2). A homemade oscillator circuit was designed to drive the quartz at its resonant frequency both in air and water phases. The quartz crystal plates were usually treated with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane to obtain a hydrophobic surface unless otherwise stated [28]. Frequencies of the QCM was followed continuously by a universal frequency counter (Iwatsu, Co., Tokyo, SC 7201 model) attached to a microcomputer system (NEC, PC 8801 model). The following equation has been obtained for the AT-cut shear mode QCM [10] ... 

There are commercial computer packages available for handling the network construction, interactions, and calculations involved in what, as will be shown below, is a complicated process. These packages are available for use on both mainframe and microcomputer systems. 

The Fortran version used in this study was located at the Computer Center at the University of Illinois at Champaign/Urbana. The Fortran version is useful for analysis of very large data sets, i.e. 400 x 70 matrices. The SIMCA-3B version for microcomputer systems is interactive, menu driven, and is applicable to intermediate sized data sets and runs under CPM or MS-DOS. In this study, the SIMCA-3B program—CPLS-2, was used to obtain the results in the PLS examples discussed. 

Programming for the microcomputer is done in assembly language and cross assembled on the minicomputer. Details of the mini-microcomputer system and its organization have been reported elsewhere (1,2,3). 

In conclusion, a very simple use of a suitable microcomputing system enabled us to discriminate amongst a set of X-rays structures of anticancer drugs and determine... 

Other Possibilities of the Microcomputing System Described here... 

A block diagram of the microcomputer system is shown in Figure 4. Details of this system are discussed by Johnson (15). 

Civera, P., DEL CORSO, D. and Greooretti, F. In Microprocessors in Signal Processing, Measurement and Control, Tzafestas, S. G. ed. (Reidel, London, 1983). Microcomputer systems in real-time applications. 

The design of the instrument will be discussed primarily on the block diagram level. Details on the construction of the vidicon spectrophotometer (19), the multi-microcomputer system (20) and the stopped-flow mixing system (20) are presented elsewhere. 

Without doubt, however, the greatest difference between the two is that the sophisticated electronics of the newer instrument enable it to be directly connected to an Infrared Data Station , a microcomputer system which can smooth spectra, produce an average spectrum from a number of scans, subtract one spectrum from another, or reformat a spectrum. In addition, it is possible to identify possible structural features of an unknown compound and to match the spectrum against a reference library stored on magnetic disks, to facilitate a rapid identification of unknowns3). It is interesting to note that the basic optical specifications of the two instruments are not all that dissimilar ... 

Almost all applications programming in chemistry, and structural chemistry in particular, is performed in the FORTRAN language and the molecular mechanics calculations for which this hardware/software design exercise was undertaken is no exception. There are two problems which must be solved in order to build a FORTRAN microcomputer system with good scalar and array computational performance and these are firstly, the design of an efficient scalar processor with a transparent FORTRAN interface to the hardware and secondly, the design of an efficient AFPP,... 

Figure 7. Block diagram of the MVP-9500/Vector MZ vector processor microcomputer system.

Fluid injection, pressure monitoring, and temperature were controlled by an HP85 microcomputer system. Injections were done at constant flow rate with a Constametric III metering pump, from which the filters were removed. 

The second requirement is a coding scheme that allows digital data to represent alphanumeric characters. Several such standards already exist, notably the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) and the Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. ASCII is almost universally used in microcomputer systems and is probably the better choice for development of new systems. 

X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were carried out in a Siemens D-5000 diffractometer. Phase identification was made using JCPDS data microcomputer system. 

The microcomputer system chosen is based on the Pro-Log 8821 processor card which uses the Intel 8080A microprocessor. In addition, this card contains lk bytes of RAM memory and sockets for up to 4k bytes of EPROM memory containing the programs used in data collection and communication. The system also contains 32k bytes of RAM memory for data storage. Analog to digital... 

A built-in microcomputer system performs rapid quadratic least squares fit to the data, yielding D, R, a (normalized standard deviation of the intensity weighted distribution of diffusion constants) and x squares goodness of fit. The greater the value of a the larger the degree of polydispersity present in the particle sizes -a values less than 0.2 are generally considered to correspond to pure monodisperse systems. A typical result obtained for 4 x 10 3M CdS-SDS is 5= 7.25 x 10"8 cm2/s, R = 300 A, a = 0.60 and y2... 

Nanosecond laser has been used with good quality, durability electrooptical modulator collected on the ground of yttrium orthoaluminate with Nd (III). The 3-rd ground emission has the follouing parameters X = 360 nm, Eimp = 3.0 mj, x imp=20 ns, v =5.0 Hz, the beam diameter on the substrate sample 1 mm. The experimental data are collected and worked up by means of special microcomputing system which is marked in the figure s 2 subscription, In all cases... 

Most of the commercial thermobalances now available use computer data reduction techniques to process the raw TG data (see Chapter 12). A dedicated microcomputer system plots the resultant data using a plotter or dot-matrix printer. Scaling and offset of the curve can be carried out as well as other mathematical operations such as differentiation, curve peak integration, and so on. 

Fig. 11.17 (a) Scheme of the instrumentation used for in vivo electrochemical experiments, (b) Potentiostatic circuit and microprocessor interface (the electronic components are shown for one of the electrodes only) SDK-85, Intel microcomputer system 7520, D/A converter Ai and As, 741 analogue devices A2 and A4, Burr Brown 3510 As, Burr Brown 3527 VFC-32K, Burr Brown V/F converter 2716, Intel EPROM 8253-5, Intel counter DAC-08, PHI D/A converter R = 1 mfi, 1. (Reproduced from [81] with permission of the American Chemical Society). 

H. Baadenhuijsen and T. Zelders, The Use of a Microcomputer System for Peak Recognition, Data Processing and Representation in Continuous Flow Analysis. J. Autom. Chem., 5 (1983) 18. 

Assuming a large scale computer or microprocessor is available, and trained computer maintenance specialists are employed, the new coke unit microcomputer system should present no unusual maintenance problems. 

Zielinski, M. Microcomputer Systems Where do you Begin Trouble-Shooting Hydrocarbon Processing, January 1978, p. 109. 

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