Microbiological media

Casein is used to fortify flour, bread, and cereals. Casein also is used for glues and microbiological media. Calcium caseinate is made from a pressed casein, by rinsing, treating with calcium hydroxide [1305-62-0], heating, and mixing foUowed by spray drying. A product of 2—4% moisture is obtained. 

Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA (formerly Fisher Scientific and Thermo Electron). The number one company in this field [sales > 9 billion (2007,E)] supplies biochemicals and bioreagents organic and inorganic chemicals (of which >15,000 fine organic chemicals) sera cell culture media sterile liquid-handling systems microbiology media and related products scientific consumable products, instruments, and equipment. 

Production equipment that cannot be sterilized must be sanitized and disinfected by an appropriate method. This can be done by use of biocides like alcohols (70%), hydrogen peroxide, or formaldehyde-based chemicals or a combination of these. These can either be used for surface disinfections by wiping or spraying or even better by use of gas or dry fog systems for application of the disinfectants. The effect of cleaning and sanitation should be monitored. Microbiological media contact plates can be used to test critical surfaces, as inside the hot cells or glove boxes. The test samples must then be handled and monitored as radioactive contaminated units. 

The various suppliers of microbiological media include recommendations for sterilization in their catalog under Directions for Use, for instance, sterilize by autoclaving at 121°C for 15-18min. The question that must be asked is— What do these specifications mean ... 

Bio-Validation of Laboratory Autoclaves Used for Sterilizing Microbiological Media... 

The main saccharide of milk is lactose. During heat treatment of milk, lactose is involved in Maillard reactions. Lactose is used for the production of baby formulas, low-caloric foods, bread, drugs, and microbiological media. 

The processes of sterilization and depyrogenation of laboratory equipment and microbiological media will be validated using the same approach as that used for production processes. Test functions and acceptance... 

Table 7. Analysis of Microbiological Media Prepared Proteins (Difco Manual, Ninth Edition)...

In its simplest form, the simulation trial substitutes microbial growth media for actual product and scores containers for growth or absence of growth after incubation. The media fill is a measure of potential contamination. It is to be assumed that properly chosen and properly controlled microbiological media will encourage rather than inhibit the survival of contaminants. This is quite the... 

Atlas RM (1996) Handbook of Microbiological Media, 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 

Table 13 Microbiological media for pitching yeast analysis...

Table 13.6 Microbiological media for analysis of syrups and sugars...

Table 13.10 Microbiological media for bright beer analysis...

Spedding, G., Lyons, T. P. (July/August 2001). Microbiological media for bacteria and wild yeast detection in the brewery. Brewers Digest, 66-70. 

M gor suppliers of laboratory equipment handle microbiological media as well. Brands such as Difco, and BBL (Baltimore Biological Laboratories) are routinely available. Others brands include Oxoid (now marketed in North America by Unipath, a division of UL Canada, Inc. Ogdensburg, NY). For price-conscious individuals, house-brand formulations of routine media are also available from most major suppliers at very competitive prices. 

The specific dyes used in fluorescence microscopy are directly taken up by the cells and may react indiscriminately with organic material or be incorporated and concentrated in specific subcellular organelles. Still other techniques utilize immunochemical methodology (Section 16.3.2) whereby a fluorescent dye react with specific moieties of the viable cell membrane. In these cases, the dye can be used to distinguish between viable and dead cells. These methods have been applied toward detection of viable-but-non-culturable cells because these cells cannot be cultured using standard microbiological media (Section 6.1). 

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