Microalgae hydrothermal processing

Several reviews about processing microalgae under hydrothermal conditions are reported in literature. Dote et al. were the first to apply hydrothermal processing on B. hraunii In... 

As known, hydrothermal processes have been successfully used for conversion of organic wastes to fuels or useful materials, for example, biocrude oil, hydrogen, glucose, lactic acid, acetic acid, and amino acids [14,46,47]. Among these chemicals, acetic acid is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical which is widely used for the production of poly(ethylene terephthalate), cellulose acetate, and poly(vinyl acetate). As a stable and recoverable intermediate, it can be produced from biomass, terrestrial plants, and microalgae during the process of hydrothermal treatment [48,49]. 

Biller, R, Riley, R., Ross, A. B. Catalytic hydrothermal processing of microalgae decomposition and upgrading of hpids. Bioresource Technol 2011,102,4841-4848. 

Ross, A.B., et al., 2010. Hydrothermal processing of microalgae using alkah and organic acids. Fuel 89 (9), 2234-2243. 

Bfller P, Friedman C, Ross AB. Hydrothermal microwave processing of microalgae as a pre-treatment and extraction technique for bio-fiiels and bio-products. Bioresour Technol 2013 136 188. 

A conceptual scheme for the production of biofiiel from microalgae by hydrothermal liquefaction is described in Fig. 17.6(b). A benefit of processing algae by HTL is the potential for recycling of nutrients back to cultivafion. 

Adapted from (Haiduc, A., et al., 2009. SunCHem an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation. Journal of Applied Phycology 21(5), 529—541 Stucki, S., et al., 2009. Catalytic gasification of algae in supercritical water for biofuel production and carbon capture. Energy Environmental Science 2(5), 535—541). 

Several approaches have been used to tackle the problem of the wastewater byproduct. For example in the case of microalgae HTL, PNNL applied catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) effectively for HTL process water clean-up and fuel gas production... 

Biller, P., et al., 2012. Nutrient recycling of aqueous phase for microalgae cultivation from the hydrothermal liquefaction process. Algal Research 1 (1), 70—76. 

Cherad, R., et al., 2015. Hydrogen production from the catalytic hydrothermal gasification of process water from microalgae hquefaction. Fuel 166, 24—28. 

Garcia Alba, L., et al., 2011. Hydrothermal treatment (HIT) of microalgae evaluation of the process as conversion method in an algae bioreiinery concept. Energy Fuels 26 (1), 642-657. 

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