Bacteria methylotrophic

Methoxatin, now known as coenzyme PQQ, was originally obtained from methylotrophic bacteria but is now known to be a mammalian cofactor, for example, for lysyl oxidase and dopamine p-hydroxylase. The first synthesis of this rare compound was accomplished by the route outlined below. In the retrosynthetic analysis both of the heterocyclic rings were disconnected using directly keyed transforms. 

The degradation of trichloroethene by methylotrophic bacteria involves the epoxide as intermediate (Little et al. 1988). Further transformation of this may produce CO that can toxify the bacterium, both by competition for reductant and by enzyme inhibition (Henry and Grbic-Galic 1991). The inhibitory effect of CO may, however, be effectively overcome by adding a reductant such as formate. 

Lidstrom-O Connor ME, GL Fulton, AE Wopat (1983) Methylobacterium ethanolicum a syntrophic association of two methylotrophic bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 129 3139-3148. 

Chistoserdova L, JA Vorholt, RK Thauer, ME Lidstrom (1998) Cl transfer enzymes and coenzymes linking methylotrophic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Science 281 99-102. 

Kohler-Staub D, S Hartmans, R Galli, F Suter, T Leisinger (1986) Evidence for identical dichloromethane dehalogenases in different methylotrophic bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 132 2837-2843. 

Strains of some facultatively heterotrophic and methylotrophic bacteria can use CS2 as sole energy source, and under aerobic conditions also COS, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and thioacetate (Jordan et al. 1995). It was proposed that the strains belonged to the genus Thiobacillus, though they are clearly distinct from previously described species, and they have now been assigned to Paracoccus denitrificans (Jordan et al. 1997). 

Two amicyanins have been a recent focus of attention [84, 85], These are from the methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas AMI and Thiobacillus versutus,... 

Vorholt JA, Chistoserdova L, Stolyar SM, et al. 1999. Distribution of tetrahy-dromethanopterin-dependent enzymes in methylotrophic bacteria and phylogeny of methenyl tetrahydromethanopterin cyclohydrolases. J Bacteriol 181 5750-7. 

Some methylotrophic bacteria dehydrogenate methanol to formaldehyde. The latter undergoes an aldol condensation to form a hexulose-6-phos-phate ... 

When FI is replaced by PQQ (pyrroloquinolinequinone), a novel heterocyclic o-quinone cofactor that was first isolated and identified from methanol dehydrogenase of methylotrophic bacteria in 1979 [68], the photochemical oxidation of benzyl alcohols occurs efficiently without HC104 in MeCN [69] ... 

The c-type cytochromes of methylotrophic bacteria. Biochim. Biophys. The structure of hacterial quinoprotein dehydrogenases, Int. J. Biochem. 

Chan, H. T. C., and Anthony, C., 1992a, The mechanism of inhibition hy EDTA and EGTA of methanol oxidation by methylotrophic bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Lett 96 231n234. 

Loginova, N. V., and Trotsenko, Y. A., 1978, Carbon metabolism in methylotrophic bacteria isolated from activated sludge, Mikrobiologiya 47 9399946. 

Steenkamp, D. J., and Beinert, H., 1982a, Mechanistic studies on the dehydrogenases of methylotrophic bacteria. 1. The influence of substrate binding to reduced trimethylamine dehydrogenase on the intramolecular electron transfer between its prosthetic groups, Biochem. J. 207 2339239. 

Amicyanin is found in methylotrophic bacteria that can use methylated amines as an energy source. The inactivation of the amicyanin gene in Paracoccus denitrificans results in complete loss of its ability to grow on methylamine, a direct indication that amicyanin is a key component of the methylamine driven electron-transfer chain. Amicyanin accepts an electron from methylamine dehydrogenase and transfers it to a c-type cytochrome (see Section 5.4.5). Currently, more than a dozen amicyanin and pseudoazurin sequences are available. 

Methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) enzyme is found in the periplasm of methylotrophic bacteria, and plays a cracial role in the metabolism of these organisms. It catalyzes the oxidation of methanol... 

Methylcholestane (69a) 4,4-dimethylcholestane Diverse eukaryotic sources high concentrations likely indicate a dinoflageUate origin. If strongly depleted in indicative for methylotrophic bacteria (Methylococcaceae). Volkman (2003) Summons et al. (1994a)... 

NeunUst S. and Rohmer M. (1985) Novel hopanoids from the methylotrophic bacteria Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylomonas methanica. Biochem. J. 231, 635—639. 

Summons R. E. and Jahnke E. E. (1992) Hopenes and hopanes methylated in ring-A correlation of the hopanoids from extant methylotrophic bacteria with their fossil analogues. In Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum (eds. J. M. Moldowan, P. Albrecht, and R. P. Philp). Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 182-200. 

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