Methylene chloride poisoning

Ku elova, M., Gemy, J., Hlavova, S., Hub, M., Kunor. V. Popler, A. (1975) Lethal methylene chloride poisoning with severe chilblains. Pracov. Lek., 27, 317-319 (in Czech)... 

Manno. M., Chirillo. R.. Daniotti, G, Cocheo, V. Albrizio, F. (1989) Carboxyhaemoglobin and fatal methylene chloride poisoning. Lancet, ii, 274... 

Rioux, J.P. and Myers, R.A., Hyperbaric oxygen for methylene chloride poisoning report of two cases, Ann. Emerg. Med., 18, 691-695, 1989. 

Rioux JP and Myers RA (1988). Methylene chloride poisoning a pragmatic review. J Emerg Med, 6, 227-238. 

Constriction of blood vessels, arrhythmia, and even aplastic anemia, caused by ethyl alcohol, methylene chloride, and benzene, respectively, are circulatory system diseases that result from misuse of these chemical substances. Methylene chloride, a paint solvent, reacts in the body to produce carbon monoxide, which replaces oxygen in the hemoglobin molecule. This can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, which can be fatal. 

Hazards Methylene chloride/99% nitric acid mixture is very volatile and dangerous—wear gloves, and use proper ventilation. 99% nitric acid is highly toxic, and corrosive, which evolves poisonous fumes—use maximum ventilation. Perform the distillation using proper ventilation, and protect from direct sun light. 

Some of the solvent wiU be metabolized in the liver, and one product of the metabolism is the poisonous gas carbon monoxide. There have been cases of severe carbon monoxide poisoning due to prolonged exposure to methylene chloride. Someone exposed to the solvent for two to three hours may achieve a level of 15 per cent carbon monoxide in the blood, which would cause only mild effects in a healthy individual but possibly more severe problems in someone with heart or lung disease. 

NIOSH REL (Methylene Chloride) Reduce to lowest feasible level DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label KEEP AWAY FROM FOOD SAFETY PROFILE Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by intravenous route. Moderately toxic by ingestion, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by ingestion and inhalation paresthesia, somnolence, altered sleep time,... 

Barrowcliff DF, Knell AJ Cerebral damage due to endogenous chronic carbon monoxide poisoning caused by exposure to methylene chloride. Journal of Social and Occupational Medicine 29 12-14, 1979... 

Chalupa B, Synkova J, Sevcik M The assessment of electroencephalographic changes and memory disturbances in acute intoxications with industrial poisons. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 17 238-241,1960 Cherry N, Venables H, Waldron HA, et al Some observations on workers exposed to methylene chloride. British Journal of Industrial Medicine 38 351-355, 1981 Crystal HA, Schaumburg HH, Grober E, et al Cognitive impairment and sensory loss associated with chronic low-level ethylene oxide exposure. Neurology 38 567-569, 1988... 

Methylene chloride paint removal products are prohibited in some localities because they can cause liver and kidney damage, carbon monoxide poisoning, and possibly cancer. For a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of lead paint abatement, see Appendix F. 

A mystery illness that affected 17 casino workers following fumigation of the premises with a pesticide mixture that contained the carbamate propoxur (1.52), the organophosphate coumaphos (4.13), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (2.49), methylene chloride (1.25), xylene (3.15), and acetone (-0.24) was reported. Industrial hygiene evaluation revealed only trace quantities of the chemicals noted, yet pesticide poisoning symptoms were observed in the employees [43], No explanation for the effects was offered by the investigators. 

Methylene blue (tetramethylthionine chloride) is an antidote to aniline poisoning. The standard dose is 1-2 mg/kg body weight or... 

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