Methyl-ethyl-ketone-benzene-chloroform mixture

Nowadays, the most commonly used solvents are mineral or white spirits. Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, such as xylene and toluene, are used in certain specialized industrial paints. Other solvents include a wide variety of alcohols (isobutanol, i-butanol), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl or isobutylacetate) and ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone). Often, a mixture of different solvents is used to ensure the desired outcome, e.g., in thinners (Mathias 1984 Valsecchi et al. 1992 Rose and Vance 1997 Leira 1997). In Scandinavia, there has been a tendency for more than a decade to reduce the use of the more toxic solvents, including benzene, n-hexane and the chlorinated solvents, particularly carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloroethane and trichloroethylene (Leira 1997). 

Crystallizes as six-sided prisms or plates from benzene, tnp220-22P. d 1.35. Almost insol in water and ether. Soluble in chloroform, acetic acid. One part dissolves in 455 pans ale or 80 parts boiling ale. Sparingly sol in most other organic solvents, May be crystallized from hot ale, benzene, petr ether, methyl ethyl ketone, isoamyl alcohol, acetophen -one, pyridine, or an alcohol-pyridiDe mixture. The salts tend to oil out, but can be crystallized by warming, redissolving, and slow cooling. 

In the majority of cases, the information about azeotropes and components boiling temperatures is sufficient for the unique determination of connections between them, but sometimes it is not sufficient. The example of such ambiguity is shown in Fig. 3.13 for the mixture methyl-ethyl ketone(l)-benzene(2)-chloroform(3), the boiUng temperatures for which are the following ... 

Figure 1 Analysis of a standard volatile mixture. Column 80 m X 0.53 mm i.d. SPB-1 (5nm film). Carrier gas helium (flow rate 8.6 ml min ). Oven temperature 40°C (6 min), then to 80°C at 5°C min then to 200°C at 10°C min (run time 26 min). Injection 10pi vapor. Detector sensitivities (fsd) FID, 3.2nA ECD, 64 kHz. Peaks 1, propane 2, FC 12 3, dimethyl ether 4, isobutane 5, butane 6, BCF 7, ethanol 8, acetone 9, 2-prop-anol 10, FC 11 11, FC 113 12, halothane 13, butanone 14, hexane 15, chloroform 16, 1,1,1-trichloroethane 17, carbon tetrachloride 18, trichloroethylene 19, methyl isobutyl ketone 20, 1,1,2-trichloroethane (internal standard) 21, toluene 22, tet-rachloroethylene 23, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol 24, ethyl benzene (internal standard). (Reproduced with permission from Streete PJ, Ruprah M, Ramsey JD, and Flanagan FtJ (1992) Detection and identification of volatile substances by head-space capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning. Analyst 117 111 1-1127. The Royal Society of Chemistry.)...

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