Meteorological parameters parameter

These meteorological parameters, with the possible exception of the mean wind speed and direction, are not generally available for inclusion in calculations. Even wind speed measurements, which are usually taken at 20 ft above grade, must be corrected to the release point elevation. The correction applied to the wind speed depends on the turbulence of the air. The wind speed is the key determinant of the convection of pollutant in a plume. 

Figure 4. Role of meteorological parameters on transport of air pollutants.

Figure 1. Role of meteorological parameters in transport of airborne pollution.

Steinhausler, F., Long Term Measurements of Rn, Rn, Pb, and Concentrations in the Air of Private and Public Buildings and their Dependence on Meteorological Parameters, Health Phys. 29 705-713 (1985). 

All meteorological parameters should be recorded to assist in understanding the relevance of the results and their comparison with other data. 

Studies of rainwater composition typically Include the measurement of the concentrations of a number of chemical species, conductivity, and rain volume and sometimes Include supporting measurement of winds or other meteorological parameters. Much of the desired... 

TOW depends mainly on the meteorological parameters, the nature of the metal, the properties of the metallic surface and of the corrosion products layer formed. The most important climatic factors on the corrosion process are relative humidity, sunshine hours, temperature of the air and the metal surface, wind velocity and duration and frequency of the rain, dew and fog. 

We discuss briefly in the following sections some meteorological parameters that are useful in the context of atmospheric chemistry. 

In summary, as we shall see throughout this book, meteorological parameters are extremely important, not only in determining the dispersion and transport of pollutants but also in determining their chemistry. The reader is encouraged to consult meteorology texts for a much more detailed treatment of this subject. 

Because of the highly variable nature of precipitation events, quantitatively estimating wet deposition of pollutants is difficult. In addition to meteorological factors, parameters such as the solubility of the pollutant in ice, snow, and rain and how this varies with temperature and pH, the size of the water droplets, and the number present must also be considered for example, snow may scavenge some species more efficiently than rain. 

Granby, K., A. H. Egelpv, T. Nielsen, and C. Lohse, Carboxylic Acids Seasonal Variation and Relation to Chemical and Meteorological Parameters, J. Atmos. Chem., 28, 195-207 (1997b). 

We thank the Cincinnati Station of the U. S. Weather Bureau for making data available to us, and David Smith of this laboratory for discussing the effect of meteorological parameters. 

It is well established that in non-arid regions, precipitation is the primary means by which contaminating aerosols are removed from the atmosphere. Many chemical, physical, and meteorological parameters affect the micro, meso, and synoptic scale processes through which precipitation transports radioactive aerosols from atmosphere to ground. These parameters include the radioactivity component of the natural aerosols, the processes by which water vapor condenses and grows to raindrops, and the incorporation of the radioactive aerosol into the precipitation. Thus, the prediction of specific deposition from fundamental considerations has proved to be difficult because of the many uncertainties yet prevalent in these processes. Many attempts have been made to evaluate the deposition of these aerosols by empirical studies. 

A means for estimating accurately hourly radioaerosol deposition on the basis of easily obtained meteorological parameters is highly desirable. However, such relationships have not yet been satisfactorily developed. For the purpose of the HTM-1, hourly fallout estimates have been made during rainfall periods, using the assumption that... 

Evaluation of Varying Meteorological Parameters on Cooling Tower Plume Behavior... 

By definition, climate is characterized by estimates of meteorological parameters averaged over a time period of 30 years. For instance, climate anomalies for the 1990s are defined as the deviation from averages for the period 1961-1990. Nevertheless, analysis of the spatiotemporal climate variability for individual years is widely practiced. In particular, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) publishes annual summaries of global climate (Yan and Torres, 2007). 

The orientation and extension of the sampling field, particularly in air and soil pollution monitoring, is, furthermore, highly dependent on meteorological parameters such as wind direction and magnitude and the geographical situation, for example hills as a natural barrier. The specific design should be adapted to the individual case study. 

The development of breezes, mountain-valley circulation, and slope winds is best favored by synoptic situations low-gradient baric field and low velocities of the main flow in the lower troposphere. In these cases, a distinctly manifested diurnal variation in all the meteorological parameters is observed [2,3]. 

Diffusion Hybrid Receptor Model (Fay). This approach, beginning with the work of Fay and Rosenzweig (7), is perhaps the most interesting of all the hybrid models that have been proposed to date. Not only is it able to address the usual source apportionment problem of estimating source impacts (of SO2 and secondary sulfate) at a receptor site but it simultaneously generates estimates for the conversion and deposition rate constants and meteorological parameters that are influencing the pollutant transfer between source and receptor. Consequently, we choose to review this model in more detail than the others considered here. 

---