Metabolism energy relationships

Marvin-Sikkema FD, Driessen AJM, Gottschal JC, Prins RA. 1994. Metabolic energy generation in hydrogenosomes of the anaerrobic fungus Neocallimastix evidence for a functional relationship with mitochondria. Mycol Res 98 205-12. 

Flo. 5.17. The inter-relationships between metabolism, energy and redox processes... 

Explain the basic concepts of metabolism, and understand the energy relationships of biochemical reactions. 

Assuming aerobic metabolism, the relationship between the local energy demand Ej (y) (which is equal to the oxygen consumption MVOj (y) when oxygen supply suffices), the time averaged coronary flow (y) and the arterial and venous oxygen saturation SAOj, SVOj (y) is given by ... 

A model can be defined as a set of relationships between the variables of interest in the system being investigated. A set of relationships may be in the form of equations the variables depend on the use to which the model is applied. Therefore, mathematical equations based on mass and energy balances, transport phenomena, essential metabolic pathway, and physiology of the culture are employed to describe the reaction processes taking place in a bioreactor. These equations form a model that enables reactor outputs to be related to geometrical aspects and operating conditions of the system. 

Fish show generally low HMO activities that are not strongly related to body weight. This may reflect a limited requirement of fish for metabolic detoxication they are able to efficiently excrete many compounds by diffusion across the gills. The weak relationship of HMO activity to body weight is probably because fish are poikilotherms and should not, therefore, have an energy requirement for the maintenance of body temperature that is a function of body size. In other words, the rate of intake of xenobiotics with food is unlikely to be strongly related to body size. 

ADMET absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity BLW-ED block-localized wave function energy decomposition hERG human ether-a-go-go-related gene QSAR quantitative structure-activity relationship... 

Figure 14.1. Outline of the relationship between glucose metabolism, acetylcholine synthesis and energy production. TCA = tricarboxylic acid ADP = adenosine diphosphate P = inorganic phosphate.

LBPs are likely to have conventional roles in the energy metabolism and transport of lipids in nematodes for membrane construction, etc. Many parasitic helminths have deficiencies in the synthesis of some lipids and so their lipid acquisition, transport and storage mechanisms clearly need to be specialized and therefore pertinent to the host-parasite relationship (Barrett, 1981). From a practical point of view, lipid transporter proteins may also be important in the delivery of anthelmintic drugs to their target most anthelmintics are hydrophobic and if they do not distribute to their site of action within the parasites by simple diffusion across and along membranes, then the parasite s own carrier proteins may be involved. 

Sokoloff, L. Relationships among local functional activity, energy metabolism, and blood flow in the central nervous system. Fed. Proc. 40 2311-2316,1981. 

Biochemical studies follow several themes. For example, investigations can be focussed on the chemical structures of molecules, (for example the structure of glycogen, DNA or protein conformation) or the structural inter-relationship between molecules (e.g. enzymes with their substrates, hormones with their receptors). The other branch of biochemical enquiry is into those numerous dynamic events known collectively as metabolism , defined here as all of the chemical reactions and their associated energy changes occurring within cells . The purpose of metabolism is to provide the... 

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