Metabolic pool and

Re, D. B., Nafia, I., Melon, C., Shimamoto, K., Kerkerian-Le Goff, L., and Had-Aissouni, L. (2006). Glutamate leakage from a compartmentalized intracellular metabolic pool and activation of the lipoxygenase pathway mediate oxidative astrocyte death by reversed glutamate transport. Glia 54,... 

Phenolic acids are known to alter photosynthetic and respiration rates, cause stomatal closure, reduce chlorophyll content, modify the flow of carbon into various metabolic pools, and alter nutrient uptake in affected tissue (61-73). A common denominator for these multiple effects appears to be the action of phenolic compounds on membranes. They are soluble in membranes, and cause a reduction in ion accumulation in cells (71-73). Several phenolic acids cause membrane depolarization, especially at low pH, increasing membrane permeability to ions (72,73). This action undoubtedly impairs the proton gradient and ATP-driven ion transport. Logically, the effects phenolic acids have on membranes could disturb the water balance and mineral nutrition of seedlings, and research in my laboratory has established such a relationship. 

Janghorbani M, Lynch NE, Mooers CS, et al. 1990a. Comparison of the magnitude of the selenite-exchangeable metabolic pool and whole body endogenous selenium in adult rats. J Nutr 120(2) 190-199. 

The response of a nonlinear system at steady state (see above) to a small perturbation is linear, i.e., describable as a set of first order linear differential equations (of the form Eq. (2)). Furthermore, kinetic models represented by such a set of linear differential equations contain many helpful pieces of information concerning the host nonlinear system, viz., the number of exchanging (metabolic) pools, the rate of exchange among the (metabolic) pools, and the size of the (metabolic) pools. 

S. Kempner, D. B. Covie, Metabolic pools and the utilization of amino acid analogs for protein synthesis, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 42, 401 - 408 (I960). 

From the surface reaction described above, one would anticipate that most of the sodium is probably present in the hydration shell or at the surface of the apatite crystals yet, 50% of bone sodium is not available for interchange with the metabolic pool, and therefore it appears that part of the sodium is either closely associated with the matrix of the bone or is precipitated in the bone with citrate. 

The first step in fatty acid biosynthesis involves the formation of a thiol ester, acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA), from acetic add (present in the primary metabolic pool) and the thiol group (mercapto, or —SH group) of the coenzyme (HSCoA). A thiol ester is an ester in which the single-bonded oxygen (from the alcohol component) is replaced by a sulfur atom. 

VII. Composition of the Metabolic Pool and Condensation Aptitudes of Tannin... 

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