Mesoporous anodic oxidized materials

Mesoporous yttrium zirconium oxide or mesoporous cerium oxide anodes and a mesoporous lanthanum strontium manganate cathode constructed from nanocrystallites of these materials organized by a templating mesophase can be used in solid-oxide fuel cells. Mesoporous TiCU has a potential application in dye-sensitized solar cells. 

Yue, W, Lin, Z., Jiang, S., and Yang, X. [2012]. Preparation of graphene-encapsulated mesoporous metal oxides and their application as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, /. Mater. Chem., 22, pp. 16318-16323. 

Anodized and stain-etched mesoporous silicon already contains trace fluoride from the etch process. Fluoride levels in as-etched and oxidized material were tuned by washing processes and covered the range 300-6,000 ppm, quantified by ion chromatography (Loni, 2010, Intrinsiq materials Ltd, unpublished data ). Subsequent NaF doping was shown to be capable of loading... 

The conceptual theme of hierarchically stractured materials that are specifically designed to maximize anode or cathode performance can be separately considered in the following components (1) the bulk electrode materials, (2) pores in the bulk material that accommodate fluid flow, (3) mesoporous or structural material to transition from the bulk material to the nanometric dimensions, (4) the nanostmctured transducer, (5) the bio-nano interface, and (6) the biocatalyst (Figure 10.1) [23]. All of the elements must be coupled to achieve electron flow from the electron donor through the architecture to the final electron acceptor. In the anodic half-cell, fuel is oxidized and the liberated electrons are transferred to the electrode and through an external load. The cathode provides the BFC with electromotive force by catalyzing the reduction of oxygen at relatively positive potentials. 

The dependence of PS porosity on doping density has been exploited to fabricate optical waveguides. Such structures require only a single variation of refractive index. If a p-type substrate with implanted p+ lines is anodized and partially oxidized, mesoporous lines of high refractive index are embedded in a low refractive index material. An obtained refractive index contrast between core and clad of 30% is promising for future applications [Tal2]. 

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