Mesoderm formation

M. Nomura and E. Li. Smad2 role in mesoderm formation, left-right patterning and craniofacial development [see comments]. Nature, 393 (6687), 786-790, 1998. 

G. Winnier, M. Blessing, P. A. Labosky, and B. L. Hogan. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 is required ftir mesoderm formation and patterning in the mouse. Genes Dev, 9 (17), 2105-2116, 1995. 

In this directed cardiac differentiation protocol, combination of activin A and BMP4 induces a primitive streak-like population and mesoderm in hESCs. The addition of Wnt inhibitor DKK1 induces the cardiac mesoderm formation, while VEGF is included to promote the expansion and maturation of KDR+ population. The additional presence of bFGF supports the continuous expansion of the developing cardiovascular lineages. 

Amaya, E., Musci, T.J., Kirschner, M.W. 1991. Expression of a dominant negative mutant of the FGF receptor disrupts mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos. Cell 66, 257-270. 

Griffin, K., Amacher, S., Kimmel, C., and Kimelman, D. (1998) Molecular identification of spadetail regulation of zebrafish trunk and tail mesoderm formation by T-box genes. Development 125,3379-3388. 

Dickson, B. (1995) Nnclear factors in sevenless signalling. Trends Genet. 11,106-111. Itoh, K. and Sokol, S. Y. (1994) Heparan snlfate proteoglycans are required for mesoderm formation in Xenopns embryos. Development 120, 2703-2711. 

BMPll (10220) 12ql3.2 BMPll May be involved in mesodermal formation and neurogenesis during embryonic development... 

Two main mechanisms have been proposed in the pathophysiology of prune belly syndrome firstly, a primary defect of abdominal wall mesoderm formation during early embryogenesis secondly, overdistension of the abdominal wall and urinary tract... 

Alberga, A., Boulay, J.L., Kempe, E., Dennefeld, C., and Haenlin, M. (1991). The snail gene required for mesoderm formation in Drosophila is expressed dynamically in derivatives of all three germ layers. Development 111, 983-992. 

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