Membranes energy balances

In pathologic conditions, such as FAO disorders or organic acidemias due to acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies, the functions of carnitine as a regulator of substrate flux and energy balance across cell membranes and as a modulator of intracellular concentrations of free CoA become crucial. In such conditions, acyl-CoAs accumulate within the mitochondrial matrix and carnitine is utilized to shuttle these compounds out of the mitochondria as acylcarnitines, providing for free CoA at the same time. 

P8-llc Derive the energy balance for a packed bed membrane reactor. Apply the balance to the reaction in Problem P8-6 for the case when it is reversible as described in Problem P8-8(d). Species C diffuses out of the membrane. 

Based on the schematic diagram of the WGS hollow-fiber membrane reactor illustrated in Figure 9.1, the molar and energy balances were performed on both feed... 

By appropriately designing the membrane reactor, the possibility of decreasing the reactor volume to a given, required capacity with respect to that of a conventional unit or conversely increasing the capacity given the reactor volume is equally important. In addition, the energy balance can be improved considerably using membrane reactors, as reported by several authors. 

We will use this form of the energy balance for membrane reactors and also extend this form to multiple reactions. 

Tsotsis et al [5.6] have developed a model of a generic PBCMR, shown schematically in Figure 5.1. This model takes into account mass and energy balances in the tubeside and shellside and in the membrane, itself, and accounts for the existence of pressure drops in... 

P8-11. This problem requires the student to apply the energy balance to membrane reactor. The student will have to derive the necess [f relationships from first principles because there are not formulas given W J membrane reactors with heat effects in the book. 

Develop a non-isothermal model for the novel WGS membrane reactor by taking material and energy balances and reaction into account. 

The original development of the difference point equation (DPE) relied upon an assumption of constant molar overflow (CMO). This assumption can be relaxed with the inclusion of the appropriate energy balance. Although this was never shown in the text, it is hoped that the reader can infer this by the methods shown in Chapter 9 on membrane permeation, for example, where this assumption is not justified. Thus, with the necessary modeling, the DPE and hence the CPM method show great versatility and adaptability. 

The differential PEM fuel cell reactor is motivated by considering a small element in the serpentine flow channel fuel cell as shown in Figure 3.1 [12]. Mathematical models of fuel cells use differential mass, momentum and energy balances around the differential element as the defining equations for modeling larger and more complex flow fields [12]. In the differential element the only compositional variations are transverse to the membrane. The key element of a differential fuel cell is that the compositions in the gas phases in the flow channels at the anode and cathode are uniform. 

Figure 10.3 Schematic of three discretized membrane cells with quantities used for mass and energy balances for membrane cell k.

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