Melt spinning fundamentals

Polejes, J. D Nylon and polyester production - in practice, Presentation given at the Fundamentals of Melt Spinning and Yam Production Conference, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, February 26-27, 1992. 

S. KaseandT. Matsuo, Studies on Melt Spinning, I. Fundamental Equations on the Dynamics of Melt Spinning, J. Polym. Sci., Part A, 3, 2541 (1965). 

Figure 1 provides a simplified process schematic. An excellent general reference on fiber spinning is A. Ziabicki, Fundamentals of Fiber Formation, Wiley, New York (1976). ISBN 0471982202. A classic article which emphasizes structure development during melt spinning is J.R. Dees and J.E. Spruiell, 7. AppL Polym, ScL, 18, pp. 1053-1078 (1974). 

The book begins with introductory material and a brief review of fundamentals, after which the first part focuses on analytical treatments of basic polymer processes extrusion, mold filling, fiber spinning, and so forth. The thin gap (lubrication) and thin filament approximations are employed, and all analyses in this part are for inelastic liquids. An introduction to finite element calculation follows, where full numerical solutions are compared to analytical results. Polymer rheology is then introduced, with an emphasis on relatively simple viscoelastic models that have been used with some success to model processing operations. Applications in which melt viscoelasticity is important are then revisited, followed by a chapter on stability and sensitivity that focuses on melt spinning and a chapter on wall slip and extrusion... 

Kase, S. and Matsuo, T. (1967) Studies on melt spinning. II. Steady-state and transient solutions of fundamental equations compared with experimental results./. Appl. Polym. Sci., 11, 251-287. 

In general, the spinnability of the polymeric melt is determined by the maximum possible DDR for a given polymer. As indicated above, steady-state conditions are a prerequisite for filament formation through the melt spinning route. These steady-state conditions are fundamentally dependent on the physical balance equations of mass, energy, and momentum as discussed below (Ziabicki, 1967 Beyreuther and Brunig, 2007). 

Kase S and Matsuo T (1965), Studies on melt spinning-I,Fundamental equations on the dynamics of melt spinning ,/ottma/ of Polymer Science, A3,2541- 2554. 

Ziabicki A (1967), Physical fundamentals of the fiber spinning process and Principles of melt spinning , in Mark H F, Atlas S M and Cernia E, Man-Made Fibers Science and Technology Volume 1, Interscience Publishers, John WUey Sons, Inc. 

The fundamental analysis of dry spinning is much less advanced than that of melt spinning. In the formulation of the spinline equations, it is necessary to take into consideration both heat and mass transfer as well as the force balance and the variation of the elongational viscosity with both temperature and solvent concentration. ... 

Kase, S., and Matsuo, X, Studies on Melt Spinning. II. Steady-State and Transient Solutions of Fundamental Equations Compared with Experimental... 

Figure 15.27 Filament cross section A, filametit temperatme t, air speed ly, and air temperature t at different spinneret temperatures tj (O, ) experimental (—) theoretical. (From Ref 54.) From J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 11, Kase, S., and T. Matsuo Studies on melt spinning 11. Steady state and transient solutions of fundamental equations compared with experimental results. Copyright 1967 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.

---