Medicine anticancer agents

Inositols, ie, hexaliydrobenzenehexols, are sugars that have received increasing study and are useful in the treatment of a wide variety of human disorders, including vascular disease, cancer, cirrhosis of the Hver, frostbite, and muscular dystrophy (269). Myoinositol esters prepared by reaction with lower fatty acid anhydrides are useful as Hver medicines and nonionic surfactants the aluminum and ammonium salts of inositol hexasulfate are useful anticancer agents (270). Tetraarjloxybenzoquinones are intermediates in the preparation of dioxazine dyes (266,271). The synthesis of hexakis(aryloxy)benzenes has also beenpubUshed (272). 

Farrell, N. Spinelli, S. Dinuclear and Trinuclear Platinum Anticancer Agents In Uses of Inorganic Chemistry in Medicine, Farrell, N., Ed. The Royal Society of Chemistry Cambridge, 1999, pp 124-134. 

Clarke, M. J. Ruthenium Chemistry Pertaining to the Design of Anticancer Agents Progress in Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1989 Vol. 10, pp 25-40. 

Some 40 research articles resulted from Tipson s 18 years at the Mellon Institute, and they demonstrate that he was able to sustain some of his interest in carbohydrate chemistry, and he continued to study the reactions of sulfonic esters with sodium iodide. In 1945 he compiled his published work into a senior thesis for the D.Sc. degree that was awarded by the University of Birmingham. However, a considerable proportion of the research at the Mellon Institute was never published because of patent restrictions. This was particularly true for his work on carbohydrates and other organic compounds conducted after July 1952, when he was assigned to the Parke, Davis and Company Fellowship in Medicinal Chemistry to synthesize potential antiviral and anticancer agents. 

Many people today believe that natural products are safer and at least as effective as synthetically produced medicines, such as antibiotics and anticancer agents. The variety of claims made for such products is very great, as shown in the chart above. The question is, however, how reliable are these claims ... 

Xie, A., Liao, C Li, Z., Ning, Z., Hu, W., Lu, X., Shi, L. and Zhou, J. (2004) Quantitative structure-activity relationship study of histone deacetylase inhibitors. Current Medicinal Chemistry Anticancer Agents, 4, 273-299. 

Zhu, W.G. and Otterson, G.A. (2003) The interaction of histone deacetylase inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in the treatment of human cancer cells. Current Medicinal Chemistry Anticancer Agents, 3, 187-199. 

I. Ojima, Use of fluorine in the medicinal chemistry and chemical biology of bioactive compounds—A case study on fluorinated taxane anticancer agents, Chembiochem 5 (2004) 628-635. 

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY OF TAXOID ANTICANCER AGENTS... 

The second chapter addresses new facets of the medicinal chemistry of the important anticancer drug Taxol (paclitaxel). Ojima and coworkers explore, in particular, the structure-activity relationship associated with the 3-phenylisoserine side chain, synthetically exploiting their P-Lactam Synthon Method . Their research has led to, among other things, a series of noteworthy second-generation taxoid anticancer agents. 

An example that illustrates the potential of this catalytic C-C bond-forming process to build up key structural subunits of natural products is shown in Scheme 2. The reaction of acetophenone with aldehyde 18 in the presence of 8 mol% catalyst 1 affords the aldol adduct 19 in 70% yield and 93% ee, which is subsequently transformed into 20, a key intermediate of the anticancer agent epothilone A [8b]. Similarly, Scheme 3, the aldol reaction of hydroxyacetylfuran 21 with valeralde-hyde in the presence of 5 mol% catalyst 3 produces syn diol 23 with high efficiency [10d]. Further chemical elaboration of 23 leads to 24, a key intermediate in the synthesis of (+)-boronolide, a folk medicine with emetic and anti-malaria activity. 

Peacock AFA, Sadler PJ (2008) Medicinal organometallic chemistry designing metal arene complexes as anticancer agents. Chem Asian J 3 1890-1899... 

Ojitna, I. Kuduk, S. D. Chafcravarty, S. Recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of taxoid anticancer agents. In Maryanoff, B. E. Reitz, A. B. editors. Advances in Medicinal Chemsitry. Stamford, CT JAI Press Inc. 1999, 69-124. 

N. P. Farrell and S. Spinelh, Dinuclear and Trinuclear Anticancer Agents, in Uses of Inorganic Chemistry in Medicine , ed. N. P. Farrell, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1999, p. 124. 

---