Medical model, the

Medical modelling the application of advanced design and rapid prototyping techniques in medicine Second Edition... 

Carroll et al. (2004) conducted another study examining psychotherapy and disulfiram treatment for cocaine dependence. In this randomi2ed, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study, patients (iV=121) were assigned to one of four conditions 1) disulfiram plus CBT 2) disulfiram plus interpersonal therapy (IPT), which addressed adherence to a medical model of psychiatric problems, interpersonal functioning, and supportive therapeutic exploration 3) placebo plus CBT or 4) placebo plus IPT. The patients who received disulfiram reduced their cocaine use, relative to those who received placebo, and the patients who received CBT reduced their cocaine use, relative to those who received IPT. Cocaine abstinence among the patients who received CBT plus placebo was not statistically different from that of the patients who re-... 

The term alcoholism as a disease entity was coined by the Swedish physician, Magnus Huss, in the mid-19th century to describe the harmful physical and mental effects of chronic excessive alcohol consumption. This strictly medical model held sway for almost a century before it became apparent that a variety of psychosocial factors also influence the onset and course of the disorder. Indeed, drinking behavior and the problems attributable to excessive drinking, including alcoholism, vary widely within and across different cultures and population groups, and even within the same person across the fife span. In the last 30 years, basic and... 

A medically reliable UV sensor should have a spectral responsivity that closely follows the erythemal curve between 390 nm and 290 nm. So far, a photodiode with this specific sensitivity has not been available. Modeling the erythema spectrum with the help of filters also delivered only poor results. In fact, most available sunburn detectors vary in their spectral responsivity and may therefore only be used as an indicator for the actual UV charge. 

Abstract Why do patients refer to medications as the little white pill or the pink capsule Strange or confusing names are problematic especially if you are old and have many medications. Other potential practical medication problems in the elderly including problems to remember, to swallow, practical handling, food- and drug-interactions, short use-before date are listed and described in this chapter. Possible solutions are also presented. For patient safety and for cost-effective care it s very important to identify and solve these problems for the individual patient. A systematic model for this is presented in Chapter 10. 

Two specific examples of the critically important value of animal models in the discovery and development of new medications follow. The first is from the cancer research field. 

Years ago problematic behavior was explained simply as evidence of sinfulness or evil. This vocabulary of sinfulness has largely been superseded by a sickness vocabulary. These days when people behave strangely or do things that impinge on our moral sensibilities, we immediately question their mental health Why aren t these people acting normal What s wrong with them Consequently, an ever-increasing variety of behaviors now fall under the rubric of the medical model. ... 

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