Measurement of crystal growth

Bujac, P.B. and Mullin, J.W., 1969. A rapid method for the measurement of crystal growth rates in a fluidised bed crystallizer. Symposium on Industrial Crystallization. London, 1969. Rugby Institution of Chemical Engineers, pp. 121-129. 

Methods used for the measurement of crystal growth rates are either a) direct measurement of the linear growth rate of a chosen crystal face or b) indirect estimation of an overall linear growth rate from mass deposition rates measured on individual crystals or on groups of freely suspended crystals 35,41,47,48). 

Beers KL, Douglas JE, Amis EJ, Kaiim A (2003) Combinatorial measurements of crystallization growth rate and morphology in thin films of isotactic polystyrene. Langmuir 19 3935-3940... 

The structure of a experimental fluidized bed crystallizer (FBC) is shown in Fig. 12.4, where the crystallizer is actually a universal equipment for the measurement of crystal-growth rate. The solution enters the FBC at its bottom, and leaves the FBC by overflow. All the other parts of the experimental system are the same as shown in Fig. 12.3, and so are not shown in Fig. 12.4. The operation procedure for the FBC is the same as for the ISC. For convenience of comparison, the corresponding conditions, temperature and concentration of the solution, operated in the ISC and the FBC are rigorously controlled to be the same, with the deviation of the operating temperature no greater than 0.05 °C. 

Figure 4-17 Crystallographic Representation of a Tomahawk Crystal of a-Lactose Monohydrate. Source From A. Van Kreveld and A.S. Michaels, Measurement of Crystal Growth of a=Lactose, J. Dairy Sci., Vol. 48, pp. 259—265, 1965.

The linear growth rate of a face can be expressed in terms of the step velocity, step height, and step spacing. Techniques used for in situ measurement of crystal growth rates as a function of supersaturation include the following ... 

Measurement of Crystal Growth Rates. Techniques used to measure crystal growth rates can be divided into two main groups. The first group is comprised of methods that rely on the growth of a single crystal to obtain the needed data. The second set of methods involves the growth of a suspension of crystals. Discussion of experimental methods can be found in a number of references (Laudise 1970 Nyvlt et al. 1985 Mullin 1993 Randolph and Larson 1986). 

Bourne, J.R., Davey, R.J., Gros, H. and Hungerbuhler, K. (1976) The rotating disc configuration in the measurement of crystal growth kinetics from solution. Journal of Crystal Growth, 34, 221-229. 

Garside, J., Mersmann, A. and Nyvlt, J. (eds.) (1990) Measurement of Crystal Growth Rates, European Federation of Chemical Engineering Working Party on Crystallization. 

Garside, J. Mersmanrt, A. Nyvlt, J. Measurement of Crystal Growth and Nnclea-tion Rates, 2 ed., I ChemE (Institution of Chemical Engineers) Rngby (2002)... 

P. G. Felton, D. J. Brown, Measurement of Crystal Growth Rates by Laser Diffraction, Presented at the International Symposium on In-stream Measurements of Particle Solid Properties, in Bergen, Norway, Augusr 1978. 

Beers, K. L., Douglas, J. F., Amis, E. J. and Karim, A., Combinatorial Measurements of Crystallization Growth Rate and Morphology in Thin Films of Isotactic Polystyrene , Langmuir, 19, 2003, p. 3935-3940. 

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