Market structure, technological innovation

Technological Innovation Leads to Changes in Market Structure... 

The first part of the book explores the relationship between market structure and the rate and direction of the innovation process. Specifically, the chapter by Marin and Soitis analyses the relationship between market size, the existence of alternative technological trajectories in R D intensive industries, and concentration. In particular, according to Sutton (1991 and 1998) predictions, Marin and Siotis tested two main hypotheses a) as market size grows, industries with endogenous sunk costs, such as advertising and R D expenditures, may... 

The considerations reported in the different studies collected in this book can be discussed in terms of policy implications, by specifically looking at the innovation- and research-based competitiveness of the industry. In order to do so, however, it is worth keeping in mind three preliminary remarks. First, the chemical industry is a quite complex and differentiated realm, and it is hard to focus on specific aspects, as the industry is composed of many different agents, market structures, and technologies, which makes it hard to discuss a unique set of policies or initiatives. 

This, too, is the conclusion of Thirtle and Ruttan after reviewing historical evidence, that in the context of international diffusion of innovations aspects of technical change such as induced innovation, the effect of market structure, appropriate technology, diffusion, and technology transfer interact in a complex manner (Thirtle, Ruttan, 1987,... 

It is not a total theory of safety that is being built here, still less a total theory of HOFs it is the ongoing structure of society, its collective perceptions about its level of safety and the technological innovation that lies at the centre of the process, rendering some practices obsolete and automatically making it necessary to add and expand HOFs to deal with the new situations and products that appear on the market. 

---