Markers neurochemical

Erne, B., Sansano, S., Frank, M. et al. Rafts in adult peripheral nerve myelin contain major structural myelin proteins and myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) and CD59 as specific markers. /. Neurochem. 82, 550-562, 2002. 

The objective of these studies is to find a neurochemical marker for depression. For obvious reasons, the majority has looked for changes that might affect monoamine function and so the following sections concentrate on these neurotransmitters. (Evidence suggesting that a dysfunction of the gluocorticoid hormonal system could be involved is discussed later.) Most techniques compare depressed and non-depressed (control) subjects and measure ... 

So far, evidence for abnormal peripheral (Elliott 1992) or central (Horton 1992) monoamine function in depression is equivocal, and no consistent biochemical markers have emerged to provide a firm link between the two (Table 20.2). One widely cited finding is that subjects who have attempted violent suicide form a neurochemically distinct group because the concentration of the 5-HT metabolite, 5-HIAA, in their CSF is lower than normal, suggesting that a deficit in 5-HT release is associated with suicide... 

Marker, H.S., Weiss, C., Silides, D.J., and Cohen, G. (1981). Coupling of dopamine oxidation (monoamine oxidase activity) to glutathione oxidation via the generation of hydrogen peroxide in rat brain homogenates. J. Neurochem. 36, 589-593. 

Female NMRI mice were exposed to 100 ppm of hydrogen sulfide for 2 hours at 4-day intervals excitement was observed (Savolainen et al. 1980). Exposure also resulted in decreased cerebral ribonucleic acid (RNA), decreased orotic acid incorporation into the RNA fraction, and inhibition of cytochrome oxidase. An increase in the glial enzyme marker, 2, 3 -cyclic nucleotide-3 -phosphohydrolase, was seen. Neurochemical effects have been reported in other studies. Decreased leucine uptake and acid proteinase activity in the brain were observed in mice exposed to 100 ppm hydrogen sulfide for 2 hours (Elovaara et al. 1978). Inhibition of brain cytochrome oxidase and a decrease in orotic acid uptake were observed in mice exposed to 100 ppm hydrogen sulfide for up to 4 days (Savolainen et al. 1980). 

Early postmortem neurochemical studies suggested reductions in presynaptic markers for the GABAergic neurons, such as glutamatic acid decarboxalase (GAD) activity, in prefrontal cortex in schizophrenic subjects... 

Haugh, K.H., Bogen, I.L., Osmundsen, H., Walaas, 1., Fonnum, F. (2005) Effects of cholinergic markers in rat brain and blood after short and prolonged administration of donepezil. Neurochem. Res., 30, 1511-1520. 

G.W. Price, R.G. Ahier, S.P. Hume, R. Myers, L. Manjil, J.E. Cremer, S.K. Luthra, C. Pascali, V. Pike, R.S.J. Frackowiak, In vivo binding to peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites in lesioned rat brain Comparison between [ H]PK11195 and f F] PK14105 as markers for neuronal damage, J. Neurochem. 55 (1990) 175-185. 

Greco A, Minghetti L, Levi G. 2000. Isoprostanes, novel markers of oxidative injury, help understanding the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Res 25 1357-1364. 

Torrey EF, Barci BM, Webster MJ, Bartko JJ, Meador-Woodruff JH, et al. 2005. Neurochemical markers for... 

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