Marine planktonic systems

Fuhrman, J. A. and C. A. Suttle. 1993. Viruses in marine planktonic systems. Oceanography 6 50-62. 

The temi symbioses was first defined loosely by De Bary (1879) as two or more difFerendy named organisms bving together. Although symbiotic interactions are ubiquitous in nature, few of the marine planktonic systems have been well characterized, and comparatively less is known of the functional role of the symbiont for the host and vice versa. Many of the planktonic symbioses are between eukaryotic hosts and cyanobacterial symbionts, or cyanobionts. Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, and many are capable of nitrogen (N2) fixation, thus often it is presumed... 

Packard, T.T., Healy, M.L. and Richards, F.A., 1971. Vertical distribution of the activity of the respiratory electron transport system in marine plankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 16 60—70. 

Studies have been carried out on a number of animals, particularly species of crab, lobster and zooplankton, and on the in vivo metabolism of a wide range of xenobiotics. Cytochrome P-450 and the MFO system, and to a lesser extent glutathione S-transferase, have been characterized most. Much less is known of other enzymes and of mechanisms of xenobiotic activation and toxicity. Aspects reviewed include cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases (Bend et al. 1981 James 1989b), and petroleum hydrocarbon metabolism in marine plankton (Corner 1978). 

Performance Summary for Marine Plankton Recognition Systems... 

Both of the models presented here are based on the flow of nitrogen through ecosystems in one case a nearshore kelp-bed system and in the other a general offshore plankton community. The klep bed model was developed to explore the hypothesis that nitrogen flow is affected by horizontal water transport in shallow water marine systems here wave action or mixing associated with horizontal transport are likely to retain nitrogen in the photic zone and the benthic community is of fixed location so that boundaries of the system can be easily defined. In pelagic systems, on the other hand, the community tends to move horizontally with water in the mixed layer, and vertical transport into and out of the mixed layer is an important feature of the system dynamics. 

Several recent studies investigated the bioavailability of DOM and total hydrolyzable neutral sugars and amino acids in lake (Weiss and Simon, 1999), creek (Volk et al., 1997 Gremm and Kaplan, 1998), and marine (Amon et al., 2001) waters. The DOM in the lake and marine environments was predominantly derived from plankton, whereas the DOM in the creek was predominantly derived from soils and decaying plant litter. Although limited in number, these systems represent a diverse array of aquatic environments. Each of these studies determined the percentages of DOC that were... 

Eutrophication Processes in Coastal Systems Origin and Succession of Plankton Blooms and Effects on Secondary Production in Gulf Coast Estuaries, Robert J. Livingston Handbook of Marine Mineral Deposits, David S. Cronan Handbook for Restoring Tidal Wetlands, Joy B. Zedler Intertidal Deposits River Mouths, Tidal Flats, and Coastal Lagoons, Doeke Eisma... 

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