Many-body perturbation theory doubles

There are three main methods for calculating electron correlation Configuration Interaction (Cl), Many Body Perturbation Theory (MBPT) and Coupled Cluster (CC). A word of caution before we describe these methods in more details. The Slater determinants are composed of spin-MOs, but since the Hamilton operator is independent of spin, the spin dependence can be factored out. Furthermore, to facilitate notation, it is often assumed that the HF determinant is of the RHF type. Finally, many of the expressions below involve double summations over identical sets of functions. To ensure only the unique terms are included, one of the summation indices must be restricted. Alternatively, both indices can be allowed to run over all values, and the overcounting corrected by a factor of 1/2. Various combinations of these assumptions result in final expressions which differ by factors of 1 /2, 1/4 etc. from those given here. In the present book the MOs are always spin-MOs, and conversion of a restricted summation to an unrestricted is always noted explicitly. 

The main advantage suggested by the use of the localized many-body perturbation theory (LMBPT) is that the local effects can be separated from the non-local ones. The summations in the corrections at a given order can be truncated. As to the practical applicability of the localized representation, a localization (separation) method, satisfying a double requirement is highly desired. Well-localized (separated) orbitals with small off-diagonal Lagrangianmultipliers are required (Kapuy etal., 1983). 

At the correlated level the many-body perturbation theory is applied, the localized version of which (LMBPT) has already proven to be useful in the study of molecular electronic structure. The LMBPT is a double perturbation theory, and the perturbational correction are calculated as ... 

For Three Molecules in Valence Double-Zeta Basis Sets, a Comparison of Energies in Hartrees (H) from the 2-RDM Method with the T2 Condition (DQGT2) with the Energies from Second-Order Many-Body Perturbation Theory (MP2), Coupled-Cluster Method with Single-Double Excitations and a Perturbative Triples Correction (CCSD(T)), and Full Configuration Interaction (FCI)... 

The second step of the calculation involves the treatment of dynamic correlation effects, which can be approached by many-body perturbation theory (62) or configuration interaction (63). Multireference coupled-cluster techniques have been developed (64—66) but they are computationally far more demanding and still not established as standard methods. At this point, we will only focus on configuration interaction approaches. What is done in these approaches is to regard the entire zeroth-order wavefunc-tion Tj) or its constituent parts double excitations relative to these reference functions. This produces a set of excited CSFs ( Q) that are used as expansion space for the configuration interaction (Cl) procedure. The resulting wavefunction may be written as... 

The partitioned equation-of-motion second-order many-body perturbation theory [P-EOM-MBPT(2)] [67] is an approximation to equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) [17], which will be fully described in Section 2.4. The EOM-CCSD method diagonalizes the coupled-cluster effective Hamiltonian H = [HeTl+T2) in the singles and doubles space, i.e.,... 

The relationship between the coupled-electron pair approximation (c.e.p.a.) and the many-body perturbation theory has been discussed in detail by Ahl-richs.149 All of the methods denoted by c.e.p.a. (x) (x=0, 1, 2, 3) may be related to the summation of certain classes of diagrams in the many-body perturbation theory to infinite order. For example, c.e.p.a. (0), which is Cizek s linear approximation or Hurley s c.p.a. (0) ansatz150 is equivalent to the summation of all double-excitation linked diagrams in the perturbation series. This is also denoted d.e.m.b.p.t. (double excitation many-body perturbation theory) by some workers.151 168... 

DEMBPT Double excitation many-body perturbation theory... 

The details of SAPT are beyond the scope of the present work. For our purposes it is enough to say that the fundamental components of the interaction energy are ordinarily expanded in terms of two perturbations the intermonomer interaction operator and the intramonomer electron correlation operator. Such a treatment provides us with fundamental components in the form of a double perturbation series, which should be judiciously limited to some low order, which produces a compromise between efficiency and accuracy. The most important corrections for two- and three-body terms in the interaction energy are described in Table 1. The SAPT corrections are directly related to the interaction energy evaluated by the supermolecular approach, Eq.(2), provided that many body perturbation theory (MBPT) is used [19,28]. Assignment of different perturbation and supermolecular energies is shown in Table 1. The power of this approach is its open-ended character. One can thoroughly analyse the role of individual corrections and evaluate them with carefully controlled effort and desired... 

T. D. Crawford, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Georgia, 1996. Many-Body Perturbation Theory and Perturbational Triple Excitation Corrections to the Coupled-Cluster Singles and Doubles Method for High-Spin Open-Shell Systems. 

Numerical calculations using Kapuy s partitioning scheme have shown that for covalent systems the role of one-particle localization corrections in many-body perturbation theory is extremely important. For good quality results several orders of one-particle perturbations have to be taken into account, although the additional computational power requirement is much less in these cases than for the two-electron perturbative corrections. Another alternative for increasing the precision of the calculations is to estimate of the asymptotic behavior of the double power series expansion (24) from the first few terms by applying Canterbury approximants [31], which is a two-variable generalization of the well-known Pade approximation method. It has also been found [6, 7] that in more metallic-like systems the relative importance of the localization corrections decreases, at least in PPP approximation. 

In the framework of many-body perturbation theory, we have studied the nonlinear interaction of charged particles with a free gas of interacting electrons. We have presented general procedures to calculate the nonlinear potential induced by charged particles moving in an inhomogeneous electron system, the Zj contribution to the stopping power of a FEG, and double-plasmon excitation probabilities. 

The ab initio HF calculations reported below have been performed with the GAUSSIAN 76 [26] program package. The atomic basis sets applied are a minimal (STO-3G [26]) one, a split valence (6-31G [26]) one, a split-valence one plus a set of five d-functions on carbon (6-31G [26]), and one with an additional set of p-functions on hydrogen (6-31G [26]). The correlation energy has been computed using Mpller-Plesset many body perturbation theory of second order (MP2) [27], the linear approximation of Coupled Cluster Doubles theory (L-CCD)... 

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