Manno-oligosaccharide

M. Jahn, D. Stoll, R. A. Warren, L. Szabo, P. Singh, H. J. Gilbert, V. M. Ducros, G. J. Davies, and S. G. Withers, Expansion of the glycosynthase repertoire to produce defined manno-oligosaccharides, Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 12 (2003) 1327-1329. 

Mannans have been found in some kinds of plants such as endosperms of copra and ivory palm nuts, guar beans, locust beans, coffee beans and roots of konjak Amorphophallus konjac). Most of these saccharides are used only in the food and feed processing industries. Recently, it has been reported that manno-oligosaccharides are useful as one of the best growth factors for Bifidobacterium sp. and Lactobacillus... 

The difference in action patterns between these p-mannanases is shown clearly by fractionating and characterising the reaction products (Table I) (5). These products are a consequence of the abihty of the enzyme to cleave in the vicinity of D-mannosyl residues substituted by D-galactose, as well as the length of the 1,4-P-D-manno-oligosaccharide chain required by the enzyme for binding. The favoured conformation of the (l-4)-p-D-linked mannan chain is a flat... 

Phosphonomannans (7) are bacterial polymers in which manno-oligosaccharides are joined by phosphate diester linkages. Phosphonogalactans are present in certain fiingL... 

The action of /3-D-mannosidase finally degrades the D-manno-oligo-saccharides, to afford free D-mannose molecules details of this process were given in an earlier article.12 An enzyme identified as oligo-/J-D-mannosyl-(l- 4)-phosphorylase719 may also take part in the mobilization of D-galactomannan in seeds. This enzyme, in the presence of orthophosphate, acts on D-manno-oligosaccharides (obtained from partial hydrolysis of D-mannan), and yields /3-D-mannosyl phosphate. 

Most /S-D-mannanases are endo-acting enzymes, as evidenced by a rapid fall in viscosity when they act on polymeric substrates, producing a series of D-manno-oligosaccharides of different d.p. val-... 

Amongst the D-manno-oligosaccharides, those having a d.p. >2 are hydrolyzed, but the minimum d.p. requirement of a readily hydrolyzable substrate is140,243,253 4. In a detailed study, Villarroya and Petek253 found that the lucerne /3-D-mannanase is unable to hydro-... 

The mode of action of Bacillus subtilis83 D-mannanase on D-manno-oligosaccharides is as shown. It indicates preferential attack on the... 

Aspergillus wentii and Polyporus 59 salep M, manno-oligosaccharides of d.p. S 2... 

Endo-D-mannanases degrading galacto- and gluco-mannans usually liberate a series of mixed oligosaccharides, in addition to the linear (1 — 4)-/3-D-manno-oligosaccharides. Several of the former oligosaccharides have been isolated, and characterized (usually by methylation), and are described next. 

The a-mannan molecules of yeasts [69, 80, 84-87] have been dissected by alkaline P-elimination to release manno-oligosaccharides joined to serine and threonine in the polypeptide [88] very mild acidic hydrolysis to release chains linked by phosphodiester bonds [89-91] and... 

In order to estimate the serological determinant of ACI-B, which is a fucomannan-peptide fraction, the inhibition tests of ACI-B, MHI-B and RNI-B with anti ACE serum by purified manno-oligosaccharides were carried out. 

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