Manduca sexta juvenile hormone from

Kramer, K.J. et al. Purification and characterization of the carrier protein for juvenile hormone from the hemolymph of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta Johannson (Lepidoptera Sphingidae), /. Biol. Chem., 251,4979,1976. 

Propionate also serves as a precursor for juvenile hormone biosynthesis in Manduca sexta (1 ). The ethyl branch in JH II (and presumably those in JH I and JH 0) is derived from propionate which is incorporated into homomevalonate. The dji a presented by Schooley et a l. (1 ) on the incorporation of [2- C]-... 

JH III (34), the third juvenile hormone, is of course produced from three molecules of mevalonic acid (35) in the normal way]. Recent studies have provided support for these schemes by demonstrating that 3-hydroxy-3-ethyl-glutaric [c/. (26)], homomevalonic (27), and mevalonic acid (35) can be synthesized by crude enzymes isolated from the corpora allata of Manduca sexta ... 

In the Lepidoptera, four other homologs have been isolated in addition to JH III. The ethyl branched homologs, juvenile hormone I (JH I), methyl-10/ , 1 l-epoxy-7-ethyl-3,l 1-dimethyl-2,6-tridecadienoate, and juvenile hormone II, methyl-10/ , 1 l-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-tridecadienoate, and their corresponding acids predominate in this order [14, 15, 16]. Two additional homologs, juvenile hormone 0 (JH 0), 10/ , 11-epoxy-3,7-diethyl-1 l-methyl-2,6-tridecadienoate, and 4-methyl JH I have been isolated from embryos of the tobacco homworm, Manduca sexta JH 0 has also been isolated from males of the silkworm, Hylophora cecropia [17, 18, 19]. In higher Diptera (flies), a unique JH bisepoxide, methyl-6,7,10,1 l-bisepoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl 2 -dodecenoate, has been isolated and appears to be the principle JH of some species in this order [20]. 

Jennings, R. C., K. J. Judy, and D. A. Schooley, Biosynthesis of the homosesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone JHII [Methyl (2E, 6E, 10Z)-10, ll-epoxy-3,7,ll-trimethyltridecadienoate] from [5- H]homomevalonate in Manduca sexta, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 21-22 (1975). 

Isol. from developing embryos of the tobacco hornworm moth Manduca sexta. Part of the juvenile hormone complex essential to the devolopment of insects. Oil. [ot] +13.8° (c, 0.92 in MeOH). 1.4752. The nat. hormone is known to be (E,E) but the abs. config. of the epoxide function is currently unknown. The synthetic prod, was (10/ , 115) as shown. 

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