Magnetic separator plate magnets

The spin-flop transition in M11F2 is of first order at ip < -i/y 30 only. Extremely fine orientation of the magnetic field relative to the crystal axis should be achieved (as the permitted error should not exceed several angular minutes). For this reason the solenoid is mounted on a separate plate, and its slope is varied by 4 micrometer screws. 

An AutoSpec-TOF mass spectrometer has a magnetic sector and an electron multiplier ion detector for carrying out one type of mass spectrometry plus a TOF analyzer with a microchannel plate multipoint ion collector for another type of mass spectrometry. Either analyzer can be used separately, or the two can be run in tandem (Figure 20.4). 

Fig. 6. Schematic of magnetic separation systems where N and S denote the poles of the magnets (a) plate and (b) grate magnet.

The most familiar of the C-frame, matrix-type industrial magnetic separators are the Carpco, Eriez, Readings, and Jones devices. The Carpco separator employs steel balls as a matrix, Eriez uses a combination of expanded met matrices, and the Readings and Jones separators have grooved-plate matrices. Capacities for this type of unit are reported to up to 180 t/h (in the case of Brazdian-hematite processing). 

Solenoid magnetic separators are designed for batch-type, cyclic, and continuous operation. Devices which can use matrices of expanded metal, grooved plates, steel balls, or filamentaiy metals have been designed. Continuous separators with capacities to 600 t/h for iron ores (similar to the Brazilian hematite) are commercially available (Sala International Inc.). Selection of the method of operation is apphcation-dependent, being based on variables such as temperature, pressure, volume of magnetics in the feed, etc. 

The ability to separate ions spatially is called the dispersion of a mass spectrometer. Dispersion is simply the distance between the centers of two ion beams that differ in mass by Am at the collection plate. A simple sector instrument, where the ion beam enters and exist the magnetic field normal to the pole faces and the object and image distances are the same, is known as a symmetrical geometry analyser. Examples are shown in Fig. 8. In this case, the dispersion, D is given by ... 

Copper-nickel matte obtained in this stage is allowed to cool slowly over a few days to separate mineral crystals of copper sulfide, nickel sulfide and nickel-copper alloy. The cool matte is pulverized to isolate sulfides of nickel and copper by froth flotation. Nickel-copper alloy is extracted by magnetic separation. Nickel metal is obtained from the nickel sulfide by electrolysis using crude nickel sulfide cast into anodes and nickel-plated stainless steel cathodes. 

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