Magnetic sensors

Volume 2 Solid State Magnetic Sensors (by C.S. Roumenin)... 

When the development of a scientific field expands, the need for handbooks arises, wherein the information that appeared earlier in journals and conference proceedings is systematically and selectively presented. The sensor and actuator Held is now in this position. For this reason, Elsevier Science took the initiative to develop a series of handbooks with the name "Handbook of Sensors and Actuators" which will contain the most meaningful background material that is important for the sensor and actuator field. Titles like Fundamentals of Transducers, Thick Film Sensors, Magnetic Sensors, Micromachining, Piezoelectric Crystal Sensors, Robot Sensors and Intelligent Sensors will be part of this series. 

Magnetic sensors for controlling the movements of the water spray arms in dish washers... 

Chojnacki P, Mistlberger G, Klimant I (2007) Separable magnetic sensors for the optical determination of oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed 46 8850-8853... 

Mistlberger G, Chojnacki P, Klimant I (2008) Magnetic sensor particles an optimized magnetic separator with an optical window. J Phys D Appl Phys 41 085003(1)-085003(9)... 

Surveillance. Vibration and magnetic sensors can detect vehicle and personnel movement. 

At the time, it is difficult to imagine industrial and household devices that do not use magnetic sensors, magnetic devices or elements of magnetic memory. Because of this, it is quite clear that interest in magnetic properties of materials and, in particular, granular metals is actual and permanent one. 

Materials with very narrow ESR lines (AHpp < 20 mG) can be used as small-volume and low-power magnetic sensors of great sensitivity. Such devices would have applications as submarine mine detectors, local terrestrial magnetic field detectors [65,66], and for the identification of objects with an added suitable paramagnetic substance [67]. 

The spin crossover (SCO) phenomenon was studied extensively over the last 50 years (26). Compounds that exhibit a transition between the LS and HS states upon changes in temperature, pressure, or irradiation with light are attractive candidates for the development of magnetic sensors and memory devices (27). Most of the SCO compounds documented in the literature are Fe(II) complexes. An examination of the coordination environment of Fe(II) ions in many of these structures, includingthe very first Fe(II) SCO complex, [Fe (phen)2(NCS)2] (272), suggests that spin transition also can be observed in compounds where CN acts as a bridge between metal ions and is N bound to the Fe(II) center. 

Only a few multinuclear cyanide complexes are known to exhibit spin crossover behavior. In all the cases described in Section IV.D, a gradual spin transition is observed, which can be explained by relatively weak intermolecular interactions in the crystal strucmres of these compounds. It is generally known that stronger interactions between individual SCO centers lead to cooperative behavior, abmpt spin transitions, and thermal hysteresis or bistability over a finite temperature range (276). The latter property renders SCO compounds attractive materials for the development of magnetic sensors and memory devices. It is expected that extended... 

Magnetic sensor To search for large metal items in a building or under ground. 

---