Magnesium, colloidal carbonate

Brom-jod, n. iodine bromide, -kalium, n. potassium bromide, -kalzium, n., kalk, tn. calcium bromide, -kampher, tn. bromo-camphor, Pharm.) monobromated camphor, -kohlenstoff, tn. carbon (tetra)bromide. -korper, tn. Colloids) "bromide body (bromide ion), -kupfer, n. copper bromide, lauge, /. bromine lye (solution of sodium hypobromite and bromide made by passing bromine into sodium hydroxide solution), -lithium, n. lithium bromide. -Idsung, /. bro-nune solution, -magnesium, n. magnesium bromide. -metall, n. metallic bromide. 

Calcium silicate Colloidal silicon dioxide Magnesium carbonate Magnesium trisilicate Starch Talc... 

Multimedia filters, which consist of a top layer of coarse and low density anthracite, layers of silica, and then dense finest medium vitreous silicate, remove about 98% of particulates >20 tm. These filters are regularly back-washed to avoid buildup of particulates. Finer filters (S-lO tm) are used to remove suspended matter and colloidal materials. To prevent scaling due to water hardness, sodium ions generated from brine are exchanged with calcium and magnesium ions in the water. Activated carbon or metabisulfite is used to remove chlorine. 

The nature of silicate scaling is often complex and can involve the nucle-ation of calcium carbonate crystals (which tends to provide seeding points for silicate precipitation) and magnesium hydroxide (which can form at the heat-transfer surfaces, especially at cathodic sites where localized pH levels may exceed 10.0, then reacting with colloidal silica from the bulk water to form silicate scale). 

Generally, the concentrations of the interfering transition metal ions in the brine are decreased sufficiently by simple adsorption onto the colloidal precipitates of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and barium sulfate produced by conventional brine pretreatment. The brine is then acidified with hydrochloric acid to about pH 4. This helps to maintain a high hydrogen overvoltage on mercury in order to minimize the formation of hydrogen in the... 

Overbase magnesium sulfonates are a transparent colloidal dispersion (0.1 xm or smaller) of magnesium carbonate in oil containing protective colloids, which are usually magnesium derivatives of petroleum sulfonic acids or alkyl benzene sulfonic acids. 

Bentonite, Wilkinite. A colloidal native hydrated aluminum silicate (clay) found in the midwest of the U.S A. and in Canada. Consists principally of montmori]Ionite. Alj034Si0,.Ha0. Usually contains some magnesium, iron, and calcium carbonate. Review J. Alexander Ind. Eng. Chem. 16, 1140 (1924). 

Calcium and magnesium may be bound in carbonates or in other compounds. They participate in exchange reactions and they serve as cations supporting the coagulation of colloids. 

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