Mafenide acetate cream

Mafenide is a topical sulfonamide that has been used for the treatment of burns but is now obsolete. Its adverse effects include hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and (possibly) methemoglobinemia (1). Pulmonary insufficiency has been ascribed to mafenide acetate cream (SEDA-8,160). 

Administration Most sulfa drugs are well absorbed after oral administration. Sulfasalazine [sul fa SAL a zeen], when administered orally or as a suppository, is reserved for treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (for example, Crohn s disease or ulcerative colitis), because it is not absorbed. Similarly, succinylsulfathiazole [suks in ill sul fa THI a zole] is used for the treatment of salmonella and shigella carriers. Intravenous sulfonamides are generally reserved for patients who are unable to take oral preparations. Because of the risk of sensitization, sulfas are not usually applied topically. In burn units, creams of mafenide acetate (p-aminomethylbenzensulfonamide) or silver sulfadiazine have been effective in reducing burn sepsis. However, superinfections with resistant bacteria or fungi may occur. 

Correct answer = D. Creams containing mafenide acetate are used in bum units where they are used prophylactically to protect against infection with a variety of gram-negative and... 

The cream is a soft, white, nonstaining, water-miscible, anti-infective cream for topical administration to bum wounds. Cream spreads easily and can be washed off readily with water. It has a slight acetic odor. Each gram of cream contains mafenide acetate equivalent to 85 mg of the base. The cream vehicle consists of cetyl alcohol,... 

Hypercarbia may result from a previously unrecognized hyperreactive airways state or from abnormal central sensitivity to carbon dioxide, complicated by increased work of respiration (this state may result from bronchospasm). Bronchodilators are acceptable initial therapy. Ventilatory support may be necessary to assist adequate carbon dioxide clearance. The use of certain antibiotic skin creams (such as mafenide acetate) to treat skin lesions may complicate the acid-base status of the individual by inducing a metabolic acidosis. Steroids should be considered if a prior history of asthma or hyperreactive airways disease is obtained. 

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