Lythrum

Migliore, L., S. Cozzolino, and M. Fiori (2000). Phytotoxocity to and uptake of flumequine used in intensive aquaculture on the aquatic weed, Lythrum salicaria L. Chemosphere 40 741-750. 

Lythrum salicaria L. L. salicaria L. var. glabrum Ledeb. Qian Qu Cai (Purple loosestrife) (aerial part) Tannins, salicarin, chlorogenic acid, cyanidin-3-monogalactoside, ellagic acid, malvidin, malvin, orientin, vitexin.50-72 Astringent, styptic, treat bacillary dysentery. 

L. apodonta, L. brachypoda, L. japonica, L. confusa, L. hypoglauca, L. chinensis, L.flexuosa, L. maackii, Lythrum salicaria, Matteuccia struthiopteris, Polygonum aviculare, P. lapidosa, P. manshuriensis,... 

Ellagic acid Eugenia aromatica, E. caryophyllata, E. ulmoides, Lythrum salicaria, Syzygium cuminii, Terminalia chebula... 

Malvidin Lythrum salicaria, Medicago falcata, M. lupulina, M. polymorpha, M. ruthenica, M. sativa... 

Crotalaria mucronata, Fagopyrum esculentum, F. sagittatum, Hibiscus sabdarijfa, Jatropha podagrica, Lythrum salicaria, Persicaria orientalis, Polygonum orientale, Rumex acetosa, R. acetosella,... 

Angelica polymorpha, Cinnamomum camphora, Illicium verum, Myristica fragrans Bupleurum falcatum Lythrum salicaria... 

Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum, Cucurbita maxima, Ficus carica, Glycine max, Medicago sativa, Rosa rugosa, R. acicularis, Ziziphus jujuba Lythrum salicaria Vitex labrusca, V. agnus-castus... 

In 1967, Fujita et al. (5,6) isolated three piperidine metacyclophane alkaloids (type B) from Lythrum anceps Makino. The third structural variant of the Lythraceae alkaloids, quinolizidine metacyclophane (type C), was... 

Brief references to the Lythraceae alkaloids have been made in Volumes X, XII, and XIV of this treatise. A short review on the alkaloids from Lythrum anceps was published in Japanese (14). A review on the Lythraceae alkaloids has appeared recently, covering mainly structure elucidation (15). 

L-alaninol (24). Decinine (2) was isolated by Ferris from Decodon verti-cillatus (2, 17), from Lagerstroemia indica L. (25), and from Lythrum lan-ceolatum (9). This alkaloid was shown to be identical to the dihydro derivative of lythrine (22). 

Lythramine contains an extra 0,./V-methylene bridge. The alkaloids were isolated from Lythrum anceps Makino by extraction with buffers (72 pH 4.8, 73 pH 6.0, 74 1JV HC1) (5, 6). These alkaloids are listed in Table V. 

The absolute configuration of piperidine Lythrum alkaloids was established by analysis of ORD and CD spectra of biphenyl compounds. 

The mass spectra of 10 quinolizidine Lythrum alkaloids including 4-epilythrancine-IV, 3-epilythrancepine-III, 4-deuterolythrancine-IV, and 3-deutero-3-epilythrancepine-III were investigated by Fujita and Saeki (60). 

Five new alkaloids have been isolated from the Lythraceae plant Lythrum Lanceolatum by Wright et al. (9). The structure and absolute configuration of two of these bases, lythrumine (123) and monoacetyllythrumine (124), were established on the basis of the X-ray analysis on lythrumine hydrobromide. On acetylation both the alkaloids yielded the same diacetate (125). 

Barlocher, F. Biddiscombe, N. R. (1996). Geratology and decomposition of Typha latifolia and Lythrum salicaria in a freshwater marsh. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 136, 309-25. 

Welsch, M. Yavitt, J. B. (2003). Early stages of decay of Lythrum salicaria L. and Typha latifolia L. in a standing-dead position. Aquatic Botany, 75, 45-57. 

Vandopsis longicaulis Certain tumour-inhibitory plants of the Piperaceae and Rhizophoraceae families have yielded amides, e.g. A -dibydropiperine (9) occurs in Piper novae-hollandiae Miq. Macrocyclic alkaloids, e.g. azimine (10), have been fully defined. Further evidence for the nature of Lythrum bases has been obtained by synthesis of the overall skeleton. The key step in the synthesis involved formation of the 17-membered ring (11) (12). Directions for the isolation and degradation of piperine (9, with y,5-double bond) have been included in a unique laboratory text. ... 

Further examination of Lythrum anceps has yielded seven new alkaloids, all exhibiting part quinolizidine skeletons (27).25 That the alkaloids possessed a common skeleton was shown by simple chemical interrelationships. The n.m.r. 

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