Lythrum Lythraceae alkaloids

In 1967, Fujita et al. (5,6) isolated three piperidine metacyclophane alkaloids (type B) from Lythrum anceps Makino. The third structural variant of the Lythraceae alkaloids, quinolizidine metacyclophane (type C), was... 

Brief references to the Lythraceae alkaloids have been made in Volumes X, XII, and XIV of this treatise. A short review on the alkaloids from Lythrum anceps was published in Japanese (14). A review on the Lythraceae alkaloids has appeared recently, covering mainly structure elucidation (15). 

Five new alkaloids have been isolated from the Lythraceae plant Lythrum Lanceolatum by Wright et al. (9). The structure and absolute configuration of two of these bases, lythrumine (123) and monoacetyllythrumine (124), were established on the basis of the X-ray analysis on lythrumine hydrobromide. On acetylation both the alkaloids yielded the same diacetate (125). 

Structural elucidation work on a number of Lythrum alkaloids has been summarized in Vol. 4 of these Reports. Two new members of this class are lythrumine (15 R = H) and monoacetyl-lythrumine (15 R = Ac) isolated from L. lanceo-latum. The structure and absolute configuration of lythrumine was determined by X-ray analysis of its hydrobromide. The co-occurrence of a lythranine-type [piperidine variant of (15), cf. Vol. 4] and decinine (16) (previously isolated from other Lythraceae species) with lythrumine and monoacetyl-lythrumine in L. lanceol atum points to a common biogenetic origin for these alkaloids. 

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