Lyotropic liquid-crystalline mesophase

Some drug substances can form mesophases with or without a solvent [19-26]. In the absence of a solvent, an increase in temperature causes the transition from the solid state to the liquid crystalline state, called thermotropic mesomorphism. Lyotropic mesomorphism occurs in the presence of a solvent, usually water. A further change in temperature may cause additional transitions. Thermotropic and/or lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases of drug substances may interact with meso-morphous vehicles as well as with liquid crystalline structures in the human organism. Table 1 presents drug substances for which thermotropic or lyotropic mesomorphism has been proved. 

Hyde, S. T. Identification of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Mesophases. In Handbook of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Holmberg, K., Ed. Wiley Chichester UK, 2002 Chapter 16, pp 299-332. 

Some Characteristics of Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Mesophases... 

Hyde, S.T. (2001) Identification of lyotropic liquid-crystalline mesophases, in Handbook of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (ed. K. Holmberg),... 

I. Amar-Yuli, D. Libster, A. Aserin, N. Garti, Solubilization of food bioactives within lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 14, 21-32 (2009)... 

Interfaces play a central role in electrochemistry, biophysics, drug delivery, and surfactant science. The study of interfacial phenomena at the molecular or atomic level is an active field with significant contributions from both experiment [1,2] and theory [3]. In this article, we will present some initial results concerning the structure and electrostatics of the surfactant-water interface. In particular, we will focus on the sodium oc-tanoate-water system in the lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophase (E). In this phase the surfactant forms very long micelles which pack in a hexagonal pattern. This is a good... 

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