Lyon, Nancy

Lindner, Buko, 50 211 Liptak, Andras, 49 3 Lohmar, Rolland, 4 211 Lonngren, Jbrgen, 29 41, 31 185 Lyon, Nancy, 49 239... 

In addition to the few medical faculties, there were a number of Colleges de mede-cine created by the medical Guild - in Lille, Lyons, Nancy, and Rouen - all places where chemistry courses were offered.15 However, the historical connection among chemistry, pharmacy, and medicine should not hide chemistry s integration in the broader context of provincial cultural life. The local academies, whose number and influence on the French Enlightenment have been emphasized by Daniel Roche, prompted the culture of chemistry.16 For instance, in Metz the Societe d etude des sciences et des arts founded in 1757 supported a private course of chemistry and hosted the public demonstration in its own auditorium when it became the Societe royale des sciences et des arts in 1760. Even when the chemical demonstrations were not initiated by the local academy, a large proportion of the chemistry courses aforementioned took place in towns with local academies Lyons had an academy founded in 1700, Arras in 1737, Amiens, the capital of Picardie north of Paris, had... 

These universities were Nancy, Strasbourg, Lyon, and Paris. See Gueron and Magat, "A History," 11 and Charpentier-Morize, "La contribution," 9. 

Grignard, Victor. (1871-1935). A French chemist who worked with Sabatier to win the Nobel Prize in 1912. He authored Theses sur les combi-naisons organomagnesiennes mixtes et leurs applications a des syntheses. As a student of Berbier, he went from Lyons to Besancon to Nancy, France. He discovered organomagnesium compounds that are used for organic synthesis by the Grignard reaction. 

Fig. 3 Box-Whisker-Plot of benzo(a)pyrene concentrations (ng BaP/g DW) in curly kale plants exposed in the local city monitoring networks for 8 weeks during winter 2001/2002 (25-75% box range including 50% of the values in the individual cities). Ed Edinburgh, Sh Sheffield, Co Copenhagen, DU Diisseldorf, Na Nancy, St Stuttgart, Kl Klagenfurt, Ve Verona, Ly Lyon, Ba Barcelona, Va Valencia...

Institut de Chimie Appliqu4e de Toulouse, Nicole de Chimie Industrielle de Lyon, Institut de Chimie AppUquee de Lille, Institut Chimique de la Faculty des Sciences de Montpellier, Ecole de Chimie Appliquee de Bordeaux, Nicole de Chimie Appliqu4e de Nancy, cole de Chimie AppUquee de Mulhouse. The latter one, though now in Germany, had kept the French language. Other provincial institutions were added in the 1920s. Ibid., 161. 

Decentralization was also fostered by the creation of local branches in the provinces. As early as 1895 the Alsatian chemist Albin Haller had proposed to open a local section in Nancy.In 1898 the chemistry division of the Societe d agriculture, sciences et Industrie in Lyons requested the creation of a branch of the Societe chimique Other sections were created in Toulouse (1902), Lille (1902), Montpellier (1905) and Marseille (1905). In general, these branches were formed by already existing informal associations, study groups or disciplinary sections of unspedalized learned societies. 

Gutenberg University Mainz University of Twente in the Netherlands and the Universities of Nancy and Lyon in France. Japan, Taiwan, and the People s Republic of China also have universities home to flow reactor engineers of world reputation. An important scientific forum is the International Symposia on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISGRE), which brings together the research of American, Asian, and European flow reactor scientists. 

Victor Grignard (1871-1935) was professor of chemistry at University of Nancy and then the University of Lyon. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 (jointly with Sabatier, the latter for catalytic hydrogenation studies). 

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